Endogenous cytokinins in rose petals and the effect of exogenously applied cytokinins on flower senescence

Łukaszewska, A.; Bianco, J.; Barthe, Philippe; Page-Degivry, M.Th. Le

doi:10.1007/bf00025212

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Exogenous treatments with cytokinin may delay senescence of cut flowers ( Cook et al , 1985 ; Van Staden et al , 1990 ; Lukaszewska et al , 1994 ). Overproduction of cytokinins in petunia flowers transformed with P SAG12 -IPT delays corolla senescence and decreases sensitivity to ethylene ( Chang et al , 2003 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and expression analysis of ERF transcription factor genes in petunia during flower senescence and in response to hormone treatments

Liu

Wang

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Botany

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Ethylene-responsive element-binding factor (ERF) genes constitute one of the largest transcription factor gene families in plants. In Arabidopsis and rice, only a few ERF genes have been characterized so far. Flower senescence is associated with increased ethylene production in many flowers. However, the characterization of ERF genes in flower senescence has not been reported. In this study, 13 ERF cDNAs were cloned from petunia. Based on the sequence characterization, these PhERFs could be classified into four of the 12 known ERF families. Their predicted amino acid sequences exhibited similarities to ERFs from other plant species. Expression analyses of PhERF mRNAs were performed in corollas and gynoecia of petunia flower. The 13 PhERF genes displayed differential expression patterns and levels during natural flower senescence. Exogenous ethylene accelerates the transcription of the various PhERF genes, and silver thiosulphate (STS) decreased the transcription of several PhERF genes in corollas and gynoecia. PhERF genes of group VII showed a strong association with the rise in ethylene production in both petals and gynoecia, and might be associated particularly with flower senescence in petunia. The effect of sugar, methyl jasmonate, and the plant hormones abscisic acid, salicylic acid, and 6-benzyladenine in regulating the different PhERF transcripts was investigated. Functional nuclear localization signal analyses of two PhERF proteins (PhERF2 and PhERF3) were carried out using fluorescence microscopy. These results supported a role for petunia PhERF genes in transcriptional regulation of petunia flower senescence processes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and expression analysis of ERF transcription factor genes in petunia during flower senescence and in response to hormone treatments

Liu

Wang

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Botany

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“…It is well known that ethylene promotes rose flower senescence (Ma et al, 2005), while CTKs delay the process (Mayak and Halevy, 1970;Lukaszewska et al, 1994). Here, we report that an ethyleneinduced rose PR-10 family gene, RhPR10.1, inhibits Figure 1.…”

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confidence: 82%

An Ethylene-Induced Regulatory Module Delays Flower Senescence by Regulating Cytokinin Content

Jia

et al. 2016

Plant Physiol.

101

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ORCID IDs: 0000-0002-6288-7917 (Y.J.); 0000-0002-5972-7963 (C.-Z.J.); 0000-0002-3866-0894 (C.M.); 0000-0002-9285-2539 (J.G.).In many plant species, including rose (Rosa hybrida), flower senescence is promoted by the gaseous hormone ethylene and inhibited by the cytokinin (CTK) class of hormones. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these antagonistic effects are not well understood. In this study, we characterized the association between a pathogenesis-related PR-10 family gene from rose (RhPR10.1) and the hormonal regulation of flower senescence. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis showed that RhPR10.1 was expressed at high levels during senescence in different floral organs, including petal, sepal, receptacle, stamen, and pistil, and that expression was induced by ethylene treatment. Silencing of RhPR10.1 expression in rose plants by virusinduced gene silencing accelerated flower senescence, which was accompanied by a higher ion leakage rate in the petals, as well as increased expression of the senescence marker gene RhSAG12. CTK content and the expression of three CTK signaling pathway genes were reduced in RhPR10.1-silenced plants, and the accelerated rate of petal senescence that was apparent in the RhPR10.1-silenced plants was restored to normal levels by CTK treatment. Finally, RhHB6, a homeodomain-Leu zipper I transcription factor, was observed to bind to the RhPR10.1 promoter, and silencing of its expression also promoted flower senescence. Our results reveal an ethylene-induced RhHB6-RhPR10.1 regulatory module that functions as a brake of ethylenepromoted senescence through increasing the CTK content.

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“…In daylily, ABA has been suggested to be the primary hormonal regulator of flower senescence (Panavas et al, 1998). In contrast, application of gibberellic acid (GA) or cytokinin delays senescence in a range of flowers (Van Staden et al, 1990;Saks et al, 1992;Lukaszewska et al, 1994;Eisinger, 1977;Ferrante et al, 2001), suggesting a complex regulation network controlling flower senescence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Chalcone synthase as a reporter in virus-induced gene silencing studies of flower senescence

et al. 2004

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Agrobacterium-mediated infection of petunia (Petunia hybrida) plants with tobacco rattle virus (TRV) bearing fragments of Petunia genes resulted in systemic infection and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of the homologous host genes. Infection with TRV containing a phytoene desaturase (PDS) fragment resulted in reduced abundance of PDS transcripts and typical photobleaching of photosynthetic tissues. Infection with TRV containing a chalcone synthase (CHS) fragment resulted in silencing of anthocyanin production in infected flowers. The silencing phenotype ranged from scattered white spots on the normal purple background to entirely white flowers. Symptoms in the V26 cultivar were a diffuse mosaic, but infection of some purple-flowered commercial cultivars resulted in large white sectors and even entirely white flowers. Abundance of CHS transcripts in the white flowers was less than 4% of that in purple flowers on the same plant. Infection with TRV containing a tandem construct of PDS and CHS resulted in leaf photobleaching and white patterns on the flowers. Transcripts of CHS and PDS were reduced both in leaves and in flowers confirming simultaneous silencing of both genes by the tandem construct. We tested the effects of infection with TRV containing CHS and a fragment of a petunia gene encoding for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO4) Abundance of transcripts encoding ACO4 and ACO1 were reduced (by 5% and 20%, respectively) in infected flowers. Whether the flowers were treated with ACC or pollinated, the white (silenced) flowers or flower sectors produced less ethylene and senesced later than purple (non-silenced) tissues. These results indicate the value of VIGS with tandem constructs containing CHS as reporter and a target gene as a tool for examining the function of floral-associated genes.

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Endogenous cytokinins in rose petals and the effect of exogenously applied cytokinins on flower senescence

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Identification and expression analysis of ERF transcription factor genes in petunia during flower senescence and in response to hormone treatments

Identification and expression analysis of ERF transcription factor genes in petunia during flower senescence and in response to hormone treatments

An Ethylene-Induced Regulatory Module Delays Flower Senescence by Regulating Cytokinin Content

Chalcone synthase as a reporter in virus-induced gene silencing studies of flower senescence

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