Endogenous corticosteroid biosynthesis in subjects after bilateral adrenalectomy

Freel, E. Marie; Bernhardt, Miranda L.; Ingram, R.; Wallace, Andrew M.; Fraser, Robert; Davies, Eleanor; Connell, John

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.02893.x

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Similar results were obtained for the distribution of total lymphocytes in blood, with a significant difference between the irradiated adrenalectomized and non-adrenalectomized animals at 24 h. Some studies have reported the possible synthesis of endogenous cortisol by extra-adrenal tissues, such as brain [17], intestinal cells [18], and heart [19]. Freel et al [20] evaluated the synthesis of endogenous cortisol in 10 patients subjected to bilateral adrenalectomy. After 3 days, urine samples were collected to measure cortisol levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Influence of the HPA axis on the inflammatory response in cutaneous wounds with the use of 670-nm laser photobiomodulation

Vilela

Chamusca

Andrade

et al. 2012

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

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This study evaluated the influence of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in cutaneous wounds subjected to laser biomodulation. A total of 48 rats were divided into two groups: Group I (GI) with 24 adrenalectomized animals and Group II (GII) with 24 non-adrenalectomized animals. Each group was divided into two subgroups: the irradiated subgroup which laser was applied to four points at the edges of the wound (670 nm laser, 9 mW) and control subgroup. Rats in each subgroup were sacrificed at 24 or 72 h. Adrenal glands were only removed from GI rats. Three days after adrenalectomy, a cutaneous wound was made. An immunohistochemical analysis was performed using anti-CD45 and anti-CD8 antibodies. Flow cytometry was used to count T lymphocytes and their subpopulations in blood. Decreases in the number of CD45-positive inflammatory cells and in the total numbers of CD8- and CD45-positive cells were observed in histological sections of adrenalectomized animals subjected to laser biomodulation at 24h. Similar results were observed for distribution of total lymphocytes in blood (p<0.05). The action of 670 nm laser does not depend exclusively on HPA axis. It is believed that corticosteroid-promoting enzymes liberated in non-adrenal tissues may influence immune response under the influence of this type of phototherapy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Influence of the HPA axis on the inflammatory response in cutaneous wounds with the use of 670-nm laser photobiomodulation

Vilela

Chamusca

Andrade

et al. 2012

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

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“…In contrast, the adrenal medulla can be directly stimulated by the sympathetic efferent nerves, resulting in the secretion of epinephrine and/or norepinephrine (Goldstein, 2010). Adrenalectomy has been used to examine the role of these hormones in (1) neuronal regulation of the HPA-axis (Helmreich et al, 1996;Kaminski and Watts, 2012;Weidenfeld and Feldman, 2000), (2) regeneration of adrenals over time (Rebuffat et al, 2007), and (3) endogenous corticosteroid biogenesis (Bykowski et al, 2007;Freel et al, 2007). Surgical removal of adrenal medulla can allow one to examine the role of epinephrine whereas total bilateral adrenalectomy (ADREX) can be used for examining the roles of epinephrine and cortical steroidal hormones.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Ozone-Induced Pulmonary and Systemic Metabolic Effects Are Diminished in Adrenalectomized Rats

et al. 2016

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Acute ozone exposure increases circulating stress hormones and induces metabolic alterations in animals. We hypothesized that the increase of adrenal-derived stress hormones is necessary for both ozone-induced metabolic effects and lung injury. Male Wistar-Kyoto rats underwent bilateral adrenal demedullation (DEMED), total bilateral adrenalectomy (ADREX), or sham surgery (SHAM). After a 4 day recovery, rats were exposed to air or ozone (1 ppm), 4 h/day for 1 or 2 days and responses assessed immediately postexposure. Circulating adrenaline levels dropped to nearly zero in DEMED and ADREX rats relative to SHAM. Corticosterone tended to be low in DEMED rats and dropped to nearly zero in ADREX rats. Adrenalectomy in air-exposed rats caused modest changes in metabolites and lung toxicity parameters. Ozone-induced hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance were markedly attenuated in DEMED rats with nearly complete reversal in ADREX rats. Ozone increased circulating epinephrine and corticosterone in SHAM but not in DEMED or ADREX rats. Free fatty acids (P = .15) and branched-chain amino acids increased after ozone exposure in SHAM but not in DEMED or ADREX rats. Lung minute volume was not affected by surgery or ozone but ozone-induced labored breathing was less pronounced in ADREX rats. Ozone-induced increases in lung protein leakage and neutrophilic inflammation were markedly reduced in DEMED and ADREX rats (ADREX > DEMED). Ozone-mediated decreases in circulating white blood cells in SHAM were not observed in DEMED and ADREX rats. We demonstrate that ozone-induced peripheral metabolic effects and lung injury/inflammation are mediated through adrenal-derived stress hormones likely via the activation of stress response pathway.

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“…The publisher would like to apologise for the incorrect initials of two authors in the article above 1 . The two authors concerned are R. Bernhardt and M. Ingram.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%