Endocytosis and transcytosis

Rodman, Jane Somsel; Mercer, Robert W.; Stahl, Philip D.

doi:10.1016/0955-0674(90)90108-q

Cited by 91 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the lysosomal pathway of endocytosis, it is clear that internalized macromolecules first appear in early endosomes at the cell periphery and then in late endosomes in the perinuclear region, and finally the late endosomes are thought to convert into lysosomes. However, it is still not clear about the structure and function of early and late endosomes [8][9][10].…”

Section: The Endocytic Pathway In Leydig Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The convergent point of the endocytic and autophagic pathways in leydig cells

Tang

1999

Cell Res

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Endocytic tracers and marker enzyme of lysosomes were used in the present study to analyze the processes of autophagocytosis and endocytosis, and the convergent point of these two pathways in Leydig cells. The endocytic and autophagic compartments can be easily identified in Leydig cells, which makes easier to define the stages of two pathways than was possible before. The evidences indicated that the late endosomes (dense MVBs) deliver their endocytosed gold tracers together with lysosomal enzymes to the early autophagosomes and they are the convergent point of the two pathways. During this convergent process, the early autophagosomes transform into late autophagosomes and the late endosomes transform into mature lysosomes.

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Section: The Endocytic Pathway In Leydig Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The convergent point of the endocytic and autophagic pathways in leydig cells

Tang

1999

Cell Res

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“…Microbes, extracellular matrix, and cellular debris can also be endocytosed and subsequently degraded enzymatically by the endosome-lysosome system. Further, by a combination of exocytosis and endocytosis the cell can cycle molecules to and from the plasma membrane, thus dynamically controlling their concentrations at the cell surface and maintaining the biological activity of the exposed membrane (see the reviews by Hubbard, 1989;Pastan and Willingham, 1985;Rodman et al, 1990;Singer, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocytic pathways in the olfactory and vomeronasal epithelia of the mouse: Ultrastructure and uptake of tracers

Bannister¹,

Dodson²

1992

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Mammalian olfactory neurons possess a well-developed system of endocytic vesicles, endosomes, and lysosomes in their dendrites and perikarya. Vomeronasal neurons are similar and also contain much perikaryal agranular endoplasmic reticulum (AER). Olfactory supporting cells contain endocytic vesicles and endosomes associated closely with abundant fenestrated AER, and vesicles and numerous large dense vacuoles are present basally. Vomeronasal supporting cells have little AER, and few dense vacuoles occur in their bases. In olfactory neurons, ultrastructural tracers (0.08% horseradish peroxidase, thorium dioxide, ferritin) are endocytosed by olfactory receptor endings and transported to the cell body, where their movement is halted in lysosomes. Higher concentrations (1%) of horseradish peroxidase penetrate olfactory receptor plasma membranes and intercellular junctions. In olfactory supporting cells, endocytosed tracers pass through endosomes to accumulate in dense basal vacuoles. These observations indicate that olfactory sensory membranes are rapidly cycled and that endocytosed materials are trapped within the epithelium. It is proposed that in the olfactory epithelium, endocytosis presents redundant odorants to the enzymes of the supporting cell AER to prevent their accumulation, whereas in the vomeronasal epithelium the receptor cells carry out this activity.

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“…Clathrin-coated pits bud from the membrane and form vesicles that merge by a series of regulated fusion reactions with endosomes, lysosomes, and portions of the trans-Golgi network (14,15). The principal function of this pathway is to deliver macromolecules by lysosomes for hydrolytic processing or to transport them across polarized cells by transcytosis (16). Caveolae, on the other hand, seal off from the plasma membrane but appear to remain separate from other endocytic compartments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Folate receptors targeted to clathrin-coated pits cannot regulate vitamin uptake.

Ritter

Fajardo

Matsue

et al. 1995

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Potocytosis is an endocytic process that is specialized for the internalization of small molecules. Recent studies on the uptake of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate by the folate receptor have suggested that the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchor on this protein causes it to cluster and be internalized by caveolae instead of coated pits. To test this hypothesis directly, we have constructed a chimeric folate receptor that has the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchor replaced with the transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic tail of the low density lipoprotein receptor. The cells with wild-type receptors delivered 5-methyltetrahydrofolate to the cytoplasm more rapidly than did cells expressing the chimeric receptor. This suggests that efficient delivery to the cytoplasm depends on caveolae. In sharp contrast to cells with wild-type folate receptors, cells internalizing folate by clathrin-coated pits were unable to decrease vitamin uptake when they were either folate replete or confluent.Cells use specific membrane receptors to concentrate various types of molecules before they are sequestered and delivered to the interior of the cell. There are at least two different sets of receptors: those that govern the uptake of macromolecules such as low density lipoprotein (LDL) and those that handle small molecules such as 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MeTHF). Cells take up macromolecules by receptor-mediated endocytosis (1), using receptors that are internalized by clathrincoated pits. Many of these receptors use a tight ,B-turn motif (2, 3) in their cytoplasmic domain to cluster in coated pits (4, 5) prior to internalization. Small molecules, by contrast, appear to enter cells through caveolae by a process called potocytosis (6, 7). The receptors in this latter group are linked to the membrane by glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) and it is the lipid anchor that mediates receptor clustering in association with caveolae (8-13).The molecules that are internalized by these two pathways have quite different fates. Clathrin-coated pits bud from the membrane and form vesicles that merge by a series of regulated fusion reactions with endosomes, lysosomes, and portions of the trans-Golgi network (14,15). The principal function of this pathway is to deliver macromolecules by lysosomes for hydrolytic processing or to transport them across polarized cells by transcytosis (16). Caveolae, on the other hand, seal off from the plasma membrane but appear to remain separate from other endocytic compartments. The small molecules that are concentrated within each closed caveola reach the cytoplasm by diffusing across the membrane through water-filled channels.The existence of two separate endocytic pathways, operating side-by-side in the same cell, suggests that caveolae are better able to deliver small molecules to the cytoplasm than areThe publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fac...

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Endocytosis and transcytosis

Cited by 91 publications

References 12 publications

The convergent point of the endocytic and autophagic pathways in leydig cells

The convergent point of the endocytic and autophagic pathways in leydig cells

Endocytic pathways in the olfactory and vomeronasal epithelia of the mouse: Ultrastructure and uptake of tracers

Folate receptors targeted to clathrin-coated pits cannot regulate vitamin uptake.

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