Endocrine Influences on Hair Growth

Rook, Arthur

doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5435.609

Cited by 74 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…There appears to be no relationship between the duration or severity of hypothyroidism and the duration of alopecia. Replacement therapy generally resolves hair loss except in long standing hypothyroidism where hair follicles are atrophied [16].…”

Section: Chronic Diffuse Hair Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telogen Effluvium

Liyanage

Sinclair

2016

Cosmetics

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Kligman first coined the term telogen effluvium (TE) in 1961 to describe the state of increased shedding of otherwise normal telogen hairs. TE may be primary or secondary to a wide variety of potential triggers including febrile illness, drugs, thyroid disorders, and child birth. The diagnosis of secondary TE can be made by identifying known triggers from the history in the 3-4 months preceding the onset of increased hair shedding and by investigating to exclude endocrine, nutritional, or auto immune aetiologies. Scalp biopsy to identify the earliest stages of androgenetic alopecia may be required in some cases. Primary TE may be acute or chronic. In acute TE, the shedding resolves within 3-6 months and the hair density recovers completely. In chronic TE, the shedding can continue with minor fluctuations in severity for decades. In this review, possible causative factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentations and treatment options are discussed.

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Section: Chronic Diffuse Hair Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telogen Effluvium

Liyanage

Sinclair

2016

Cosmetics

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“…This is in contrast to body sites with very long hair, such as the scalp, where 85-95% of follicles are in anagen at any given time (30). The angora phenotype in mice is typically characterized by an extended anagen/delayed catagen, and an increased anagen:telogen ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

FGF5 is a crucial regulator of hair length in humans

Higgins¹,

Petukhova²,

Harel³

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

141

118

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Mechanisms that regulate the growth of eyelashes have remained obscure. We ascertained two families from Pakistan who presented with familial trichomegaly, or extreme eyelash growth. Using a combination of whole exome sequencing and homozygosity mapping, we identified distinct pathogenic mutations within fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF5) that underlie the disorder. Subsequent sequencing of this gene in several additional trichomegaly families identified an additional mutation in FGF5. We further demonstrated that hair fibers from forearms of these patients were significantly longer than hairs from control individuals, with an increased proportion in the growth phase, anagen. Using hair follicle organ cultures, we show that FGF5 induces regression of the human hair follicle. We have identified FGF5 as a crucial regulator of hair growth in humans for the first time, to our knowledge, and uncovered a therapeutic target to selectively regulate eyelash growth.hair cycling | catagen | next-generation sequencing | consanguineous families

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“…is paradoxical [56] and may indicate that there are qualitative or quantitative differ ences in the responsive mechanism between species and in disease states. The signal that is turned off by steroids must be very important since it appears this is the one that is acted upon by carcinogens [57], In this study we reexamined the steroid block to hair growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucocorticoid Effect on Hair Growth Initiation: A Reconsideration

Paus

Dutton²,

Sarba³

1993

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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It has been demonstrated by various workers in the past that glucocorticosteroids block hair growth. Using the mouse model for studying hair growth induction we reexamined the effect of topically applied steroids on hair growth to establish at what stage the steroid block acts. In accord with studies by others, we found that these steroids block hair growth at the point of anagen initiation, but that once the steroid applications are stopped, hair growth starts. Since steroid withdrawal alone did not induce hair growth, it is clear that these steroids do not block, either spontaneous or manipulated, hair growth induction, but they do block, the apparent next step, i.e., hair formation. Moreover, since hair growth could be induced even while the animals were being treated with the steroid, the induction step appears independent of the steroid block-These studies and those of others lead us to conclude that these steroids block the expression of hair-forming genes, but do not interfere with the signal(s) that initiates those genes. This system appears to be ideal for identifying the signals (perhaps, genes) responsible for initiating hair growth.

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Endocrine Influences on Hair Growth

Cited by 74 publications

References 23 publications

Telogen Effluvium

Telogen Effluvium

FGF5 is a crucial regulator of hair length in humans

Glucocorticoid Effect on Hair Growth Initiation: A Reconsideration

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