End of Electric Vehicle Batteries: Reuse vs. Recycle

Kotak, Yash; Fernández, Carlos Marchante; Casals, Lluc Canals; Kotak, Bhavya Satishbhai; Koch, Daniel; Geisbauer, Christian; Trilla, Lluís; Gómez-Núñez, Alberto; Schweiger, Hans−Georg

doi:10.3390/en14082217

Cited by 73 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the best environmental and economic beneficial strategies of treating the retired LIBS are still being sought. Nowadays, the best scenario seems to be the combination of secondary applications of retired LIBs at the end of their primary lives in EVs (e.g., in stationary storage), followed by the recycling of End-of-Life (EOL) waste batteries [67,96,97].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Literature Review, Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries from Electric Vehicles, Part I: Recycling Technology

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During recent years, emissions reduction has been tightened worldwide. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) that can meet emission requirements. The growing number of new EVs increases the consumption of raw materials during production. Simultaneously, the number of used EVs and subsequently retired lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) that need to be disposed of is also increasing. According to the current approaches, the recycling process technology appears to be one of the most promising solutions for the End-of-Life (EOL) LIBs—recycling and reusing of waste materials would reduce raw materials production and environmental burden. According to this performed literature review, 263 publications about “Recycling of Lithium-ion Batteries from Electric Vehicles” were classified into five sections: Recycling Processes, Battery Composition, Environmental Impact, Economic Evaluation, and Recycling & Rest. The whole work reviews the current-state of publications dedicated to recycling LIBs from EVs in the techno-environmental-economic summary. This paper covers the first part of the review work; it is devoted to the recycling technology processes and points out the main study fields in recycling that were found during this work.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Literature Review, Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries from Electric Vehicles, Part I: Recycling Technology

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…: Polskie Stowarzyszenie Paliw Alternatywnych) and CEE GTI (Central and Eastern Europe Green Transport Initiative). The Glasgow Declaration sets out green economy objectives for transport and operationalizes actions in practical terms [30]. The green economy goals are also supported by increasing public awareness of low-carbon transport in Europe [13].…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Car Engines Comparative Analysis: Sustainable Approach

Grzesiak

Sulich

2022

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The European Union takes significant steps to support the development of the electric sector of the automotive market. This is confirmed by the signed declaration in Glasgow, which leads to a ban on the sale of cars with combustion engines from 2035. This document changes the car industry and makes it dependent on electricity production. The problem identified in this article is the actual impact of implemented solutions concerning the type of engine in cars offered for sale in Czechia, Germany, and Poland. Therefore, the aim of this scientific paper is car engines’ multilevel comparative analysis. The aim of the article is accompanied by a research question: are electric vehicles less harmful to the natural environment? The paper compares cars of the same producer, class, and type with petrol, diesel, hybrid (petrol-electric), and electric engines in terms of the environmental impact. The research method is a comparative SUV analysis supported by the comparison of selected countries’ conditions for electromobility development. The results of this study indicate that vehicles with electric engines emit the least amount of carbon dioxide and are the most environmentally friendly solution in the given comparison criteria.

show abstract

“…The recycling of spent EV batteries has attracted considerable attention in the academic community. Many scholars focus on recycling technologies 13 – 15 , the second use of EV batteries 3 , 16 , 17 , the economic analysis of second use 18 , 19 , energy and climate effects 20 – 22 , quick coding 23 , economic and environmental impacts 4 , 24 . However, little research focuses on the collection mode choice strategy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collection mode choice of spent electric vehicle batteries: considering collection competition and third-party economies of scale

2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the rapid development of the electric vehicle (EV) industry, the recycling of spent EV batteries has attracted considerable attention. The establishment and optimization of the collection mode is a key link in regulating the recycling of spent EV batteries. This paper investigates an EV battery supply chain including an EV manufacturer, an EV retailer, and a third-party collector and analyzes three dual-channel collection modes. The optimal pricing and collection decisions of the three dual-channel collection modes are obtained and compared. The collection mode choice strategy and the effects of third-party economies of scale are explored. Three interesting insights are derived: (i) Third-party economies of scale can improve the collection rate of spent EV batteries and the profit of the supply chain. (ii) The optimal collection mode choice depends on the intensity of collection competition and the third-party economies of scale. (iii) When the intensity of collection competition and the third-party economies of scale are high enough, the EV retailer and the third-party dual-channel collection mode is the optimal mode; otherwise, the EV manufacturer and the EV retailer dual-channel collection mode is optimal.

show abstract

End of Electric Vehicle Batteries: Reuse vs. Recycle

Cited by 73 publications

References 45 publications

Literature Review, Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries from Electric Vehicles, Part I: Recycling Technology

Literature Review, Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries from Electric Vehicles, Part I: Recycling Technology

Car Engines Comparative Analysis: Sustainable Approach

Collection mode choice of spent electric vehicle batteries: considering collection competition and third-party economies of scale

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About