Encuesta de datos demográficos y fenotípicos de razas locales de cerdos del proyecto TREASURE

Bozzi, R.; Škrlep, Martin; Lenoir, Herveline; Lebret, Bénédicte; Gascó, José; Petig, M.; Charneca, Rui; Paixim, H.; Karoliy, D.; Radović, Čedomir; Gallo, M.; Geraci, Calogero; Usai, G.; Quintanilla, Raquel; Araújo, J. P.; Razmaitė, Violeta; Gvozdanović, Kristina

doi:10.21071/az.v67isupplement.3560

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…up to 60 kg) were used for the phenotypic score on growth. Despite this, better growth performance might still partly reflect breeding management, as shown for the Schwäbisch-Hällisches pig, which has a growth potential comparable to genetically improved modern pig breeds (39,40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering genomic regions associated with the phenotypic differentiation of European local pig breeds

Poklukar

Mestre

Škrlep

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BackgroundIntensive selection of modern pig breeds resulted in genetic improvement of productive traits while local pig breeds remained less performant. As they have been bred in extensive systems, they have adapted to specifical environmental conditions resulting in a rich genotypic and phenotypic diversity. In this study, European local pig breeds were genotypically and phenotypically characterised using DNA-pool sequencing data and breed level phenotypes related to stature, fatness, growth and reproductive performance traits. These data were analysed using a dedicated approach to detect selection signatures linked to phenotypic traits in order to uncover potential candidate genes that may be under adaptation to specific environments.ResultsGenetic data analysis of European pig breeds revealed four main axes of genetic variation represented by Iberian and modern breeds (i.e. Large White, Landrace, and Duroc). In addition, breeds clustered according to their geographical origin, for example French Gascon and Basque breeds, Italian Apulo Calabrese and Casertana breeds, Spanish Iberian and Portuguese Alentejano breeds. Principal component analysis of phenotypic data distinguished between larger and leaner breeds with better growth potential and reproductive performance on one hand and breeds that were smaller, fatter, and had low growth and reproductive efficiency on the other hand. Linking selection signatures with phenotype identified 561 significant genomic regions. Among them, several regions contained candidate genes with possible biological effect on stature, fatness, growth and reproduction performance traits. For example, strong associations were found for stature in two regions containing ANXA4 and ANTXR1 genes, for growth performance containing TLL1 gene, for fatness containing DNMT3A and POMC genes and for reproductive performance containing HSD17B7 gene.ConclusionsThe present study on European local pig breeds used a newly developed approach for searching selection signatures supported by phenotypic data at the breed level to identify potential candidate genes that may have adapted to different living environments and production systems. Results can be useful to define conservation programs of local pig breeds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering genomic regions associated with the phenotypic differentiation of European local pig breeds

Poklukar

Mestre

Škrlep

et al. 2022

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Nevertheless, observed breed differences in growth performance may still partly reflect differences in management, e.g. the Schwäbisch-Hällisches pig, which has a growth potential comparable to the genetically-improved modern pig breeds [40,41].…”

Section: Phenotypic Diversity Of European Local Pig Breedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A meta-analysis of genetic and phenotypic diversity of European local pig breeds reveals genomic regions associated with breed differentiation for production traits

Poklukar,

Mestre,

Škrlep

et al. 2023

Genet Sel Evol

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Background Intense selection of modern pig breeds has resulted in genetic improvement of production traits while the performance of local pig breeds has remained lower. As local pig breeds have been bred in extensive systems, they have adapted to specific environmental conditions, resulting in a rich genotypic and phenotypic diversity. This study is based on European local pig breeds that have been genetically characterized using DNA-pool sequencing data and phenotypically characterized using breed level phenotypes related to stature, fatness, growth, and reproductive performance traits. These data were analyzed using a dedicated approach to detect signatures of selection linked to phenotypic traits in order to uncover potential candidate genes that may underlie adaptation to specific environments. Results Analysis of the genetic data of European pig breeds revealed four main axes of genetic variation represented by the Iberian and three modern breeds (i.e. Large White, Landrace, and Duroc). In addition, breeds clustered according to their geographical origin, for example French Gascon and Basque breeds, Italian Apulo Calabrese and Casertana breeds, Spanish Iberian, and Portuguese Alentejano breeds. Principal component analysis of the phenotypic data distinguished the larger and leaner breeds with better growth potential and reproductive performance from the smaller and fatter breeds with low growth and reproductive efficiency. Linking the signatures of selection with phenotype identified 16 significant genomic regions associated with stature, 24 with fatness, 2 with growth, and 192 with reproduction. Among them, several regions contained candidate genes with possible biological effects on stature, fatness, growth, and reproductive performance traits. For example, strong associations were found for stature in two regions containing, respectively, the ANXA4 and ANTXR1 genes, for fatness in a region containing the DNMT3A and POMC genes and for reproductive performance in a region containing the HSD17B7 gene. Conclusions In this study on European local pig breeds, we used a dedicated approach for detecting signatures of selection that were supported by phenotypic data at the breed level to identify potential candidate genes that may have adapted to different living environments and production systems.

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“…Presently, a new consortium for pig research exists, which focuses on the study of demographic parameters, main morphological features, reproductive information, origins and development, and additional information collected at the herd level for European pig breeds [69]. This consortium differs with respect to previous counterparts because it uses a multidisciplinary perspective.…”

Section: Management Of the International Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organization and Management of Conservation Programs and Research in Domestic Animal Genetic Resources

et al. 2019

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Creating national committees for domestic animal genetic resources within genetic resource national commissions is recommended to organize in situ and ex situ conservation initiatives. In situ conservation is a high priority because it retains traditional zootechnical contexts and locations to ensure the long-term survival of breeds. In situ actions can be based on subsidies, technical support, structure creation, or trademark definition. Provisional or permanent relocation of breeds may prevent immediate extinction when catastrophes, epizootics, or social conflicts compromise in situ conservation. Ex situ in vivo (animal preservation in rescue or quarantine centers) and in vitro methods (germplasm, tissues/cells, DNA/genes storage) are also potential options. Alert systems must detect emergencies and summon the national committee to implement appropriate procedures. Ex situ coordinated centers must be prepared to permanently or provisionally receive extremely endangered collections. National germplasm banks must maintain sufficient samples of national breeds (duplicated) in their collections to restore extinct populations at levels that guarantee the survival of biodiversity. A conservation management survey, describing national and international governmental and non-governmental structures, was developed. Conservation research initiatives for international domestic animal genetic resources from consortia centralize the efforts of studies on molecular, genomic or geo-evolutionary breed characterization, breed distinction, and functional gene identification. Several consortia also consider ex situ conservation relying on socioeconomic or cultural aspects. The CONBIAND network (Conservation for the Biodiversity of Local Domestic Animals for Sustainable Rural Development) exemplifies conservation efficiency maximization in a low-funding setting, integrating several Latin American consortia with international cooperation where limited human, material, and economic resources are available.

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Encuesta de datos demográficos y fenotípicos de razas locales de cerdos del proyecto TREASURE

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Discovering genomic regions associated with the phenotypic differentiation of European local pig breeds

Discovering genomic regions associated with the phenotypic differentiation of European local pig breeds

A meta-analysis of genetic and phenotypic diversity of European local pig breeds reveals genomic regions associated with breed differentiation for production traits

Organization and Management of Conservation Programs and Research in Domestic Animal Genetic Resources

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