Encapsulation of palladium porphyrin photosensitizer in layered metal oxide nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy against skin melanoma

Abstract

We designed a biodegradable nanocarrier of layered double hydroxide (LDH) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) based on the intercalation of a palladium porphyrin photosensitizer (PdTCPP) in the gallery of LDH for melanoma theragnosis. Physical and chemical characterizations have demonstrated the photosensitizer was stable in the layered structures. In addition, the synthesized nanocomposites rendered extremely efficacious therapy in the B16F10 melanoma cell line by improving the solubility of the hydrophobic PdTCPP photosensitizer. The detection of singlet oxygen generation under irradiation at the excitation wavelength of a 532 nm laser was indeed impressive. Furthermore, the in vivo results using a tumour xenograft model in mice indicated the apparent absence of body weight loss and relative organ weight variation to the liver and kidney demonstrated that the nanocomposites were biosafe with a significant reduction in tumour volume for the anti-cancer efficacy of PDT. This drug delivery system using the nanoparticle–photosensitizer hybrid has great potential in melanoma theragnosis.

Engineered pH‐responsive hydrazone‐carboxylate complexes‐encapsulated 2D matrices for cathepsin‐mediated apoptosis in cancer

“…It should be noted that all the prepared solutions were de‐carbonated prior to the synthesis to avoid the carbonate contamination. Next, the resultant LDH nanoparticles were collected and then subjected to hydrothermal treatment at 100°C for 16 h for particle size confinement . Finally, the resultant nanoparticles were collected by centrifugation.…”

“…Next, the resultant LDH nanoparticles were collected and then subjected to hydrothermal treatment at 100 C for 16 h for particle size confinement. 23 Finally, the resultant nanoparticles were collected by centrifugation.…”

Photoactivable Ruthenium-Based Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles for Light-Induced Chemotherapy

“…Singlet oxygen generation measurements were conducted in cell-growing medium using 9, 10-anthracenediyl-bis(methylene) dimalonic acid (ABMDMA) as an 1 O 2 -specific probe. ABMDMA is a hydrophilic anthracene derivative that reacts with 1 O 2 to produce the corresponding endoperoxide [52], thereby lowering the absorbance at 400 nm. For the experiment, 0.1 mM of ABMDMA (in Opti-MEM) was mixed with RuBIS CPNs (25 µg/mL), which was previously dispersed in Opti-MEM cell culture media.…”

Encapsulation of Gold Nanorods with Porphyrins for the Potential Treatment of Cancer and Bacterial Diseases: A Critical Review

“…Combination of the excited triplet photosensitizer and molecular oxygen results in a singlet oxygen [ 1 O 2 ] which is the main mediator of the destruction of the cell induced by PDT. The generation of the [ 1 O 2 ] has a very short life span and a limited diffusion rate, resulting in photo-oxidation of the tumor [236, 237]. A lot of photosensitizing agents have been formed but they have not been tested clinically due to factors such as (a) poor selectivity in terms of the target tissue and the healthy tissue, (b) the absorption spectra at short wavelengths, and (c) high accumulation rates in skin [236].…”