Encapsulating fly ash and acidic process waste water in brick structure

Abstract

a b s t r a c tFly ash contains metals such as cadmium, iron, lead, aluminum and zinc in its structure in appreciable amounts. These metals can leach out into surface and ground waters if fly ash is not properly disposed of. A similar problem also exists for acidic process waste waters discharged by numerous industries. The purpose of this study was to utilize such wastes as additives in the production of construction quality bricks for the purpose of waste elimination. The bricks produced were subjected to flexural strength and water retention capacity tests along with heavy metal leaching experiments in order to determine the applicability of the procedure and the best possible recipes. This paper summarizes the results obtained in these tests along with the possible mechanisms involved in stabilizing the two wastes in the brick structure.

Mathematical approach to application of industrial wastes in clay brick production—Part II: Optimization

“…The proposed explanation of dropped sensitivity to drying is improved binding of the particles due to pozzolanic reaction in contact with moist [23]. The other researches also concluded that moist diffusion in bricks with fly ash addition is improved [4].…”

Microwave synthesis of thermal insulating foams from coal derived bottom ash

“…The disposal of bottom ash is a matter of great concern, as the dumped ash is highly unsuitable for the agricultural uses and it makes the agricultural land barren and unproductive [5]. So much research is being conducted from more than two decades for the use of coal ashes in construction such as cement and brick production [6,7]. Many researchers have also studied the use of bottom ashes for the removal of dyes and organic pollutants from waste water [8,9].…”

An artificial neural network-based prediction model for utilization of coal ash in production of fired clay bricks: A review

“…The study considered the 302 cases available in the literature on the usage of fly [1,[3][4][5][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], bottom ashes [2,6,24,30], and pond ashes [5,13,14,31] in clay bricks.…”

“…Particle size distributions of coal ashes were determined by wet [5,6,13,14,22,24,28,30], and dry sieving [8], while in some studies [1,3,9,11,12,25,29], the samples were sieved or ground and certain fractions were used for the brick production. In the present study, the maximum particle size of the ash (PS max ) used for brick production was considered as the input parameter.…”

“…Also, these products are of lower unit weight than traditional ones (up to 10-20 %) which decreases the transport costs, facilitates easier handling, and improve the thermal insulation properties [1]. Intensive research studies were carried out to evaluate the potential of coal ash utilization in the formulations of ash-clay bricks in the last decades [2,5,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Since the chemical composition of the brick clays and coal ashes vary, the present investigation is aimed to summarize all the available results and identify the most influential factors affecting the quality of common clay bricks and coal ash bricks, through a mathematical model.…”