Microwave synthesis of thermal insulating foams from coal derived bottom ash

Haq, Ehsan Ul; Padmanabhan, Sanosh Kunjalukkal; Licciulli, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2014.10.017

Cited by 67 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For geopolymer mortars, the band at around 1000 cm −1 becomes deeper and slimmer when compared with the band of natural soil which is due to geopolymerization reaction (Haq, Padmanabhan, and Licciulli 2019;Heah 2010). The band around 1000 cm −1 indicates the stretching vibrations in Si-O-T (T = Si or Al) and area under this band Si-O-T is again a sign of geopolymerization reaction as per already published literature (Ul Haq, Padmanabhan, and Licciulli 2014).…”

Section: Ftir Analysissupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The band around 1000 cm −1 indicates the stretching vibrations in Si-O-T (T = Si or Al) and area under this band Si-O-T is again a sign of geopolymerization reaction as per already published literature (Ul Haq, Padmanabhan, and Licciulli 2014). But as the solid contents are increased, there is observed a decreasing trend of geopolymerization reaction which is because of decrease in the binding liquid and activation content which is presented in Figure 5 (Haq, Padmanabhan, and Licciulli 2019). A band at around 771 cm −1 corresponds to Si-O-Al stretching vibrations in both soil and geopolymers.…”

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

“…While the ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide was kept to 4.4:1 as suggested in the literature (Ul Haq, Padmanabhan, and Licciulli 2014). The mixture was milled in a planetary ball mill (Pulverisette 5) for 15 minutes with the help of alumina grinding balls of different diameters (Zaidi et al 2017;Ul Haq, Padmanabhan, and Licciulli 2014;Haq, Padmanabhan, and Licciulli 2019). In this way, a homogenized slurry was obtained.…”

Section: Mortar Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Experimental evaluation of sustainable geopolymer mortars developed from loam natural soil

Karim

Haq

Hussain

et al. 2020

Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering

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Natural soil can play an important role in the production of geopolymer due to having required aluminosilicate precursors and abundant availability. Numerous aluminosilicate materials have been used in the past for the production of geopolymers but they have some limitations like various ashes can be toxic during handling and processing due to presence of harmful components. The major purpose of this study was to develop geopolymers via cheap and easily available aluminosilicate material like loam type of natural soil. Geopolymer specimens were prepared by mixing natural soil and other required precursors such as sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide through ball milling. After the preparation of mortars via subsequent hydrothermal treatment for 24 hours at 60⁰C, the physical and mechanical properties were evaluated. FTIR analysis showed that geopolymerization reaction occurred in soil-based geopolymer mortars. This was confirmed by detecting some zeolitic phases like Albite/Anorthite in geopolymers. X-ray diffraction analysis also confirmed the presence of these zeolitic phases. The maximum compression strength of 22.70 MPa was achieved for A-75 composition which proved to be an optimum composition in this study which is somehow comparable to the compressive strength of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) mortars.

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Section: Ftir Analysissupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Mortar Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental evaluation of sustainable geopolymer mortars developed from loam natural soil

Karim

Haq

Hussain

et al. 2020

Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering

Self Cite

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“…Although microwave processing is a growing area of research, reviews in this field have focused so far on the application of microwave heating in environmental engineering [51], food processing technologies [57], and chemical synthesis [58], with very few studies that focused only on the foaming materials [59][60][61] beside microwave heating [29,62]. Explicitly, there is no systematic review article on microwaves' application to foaming technology based on our detailed literature review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Foaming of Materials: An Emerging Field

et al. 2020

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In the last two decades, the application of microwave heating to the processing of materials has to become increasingly widespread. Microwave-assisted foaming processes show promise for industrial commercialization due to the potential advantages that microwaves have shown compared to conventional methods. These include reducing process time, improved energy efficiency, solvent-free foaming, reduced processing steps, and improved product quality. However, the interaction of microwave energy with foaming materials, the effects of critical processing factors on microwave foaming behavior, and the foamed product’s final properties are still not well-explored. This article reviews the mechanism and principles of microwave foaming of different materials. The article critically evaluates the impact of influential foaming parameters such as blowing agent, viscosity, precursor properties, microwave conditions, additives, and filler on the interaction of microwave, foaming material, physical (expansion, cellular structure, and density), mechanical, and thermal properties of the resultant foamed product. Finally, the key challenges and opportunities for developing industrial microwave foaming processes are identified, and areas for potential future research works are highlighted.

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“…A number of approaches have been developed to utilize fly ash, which include utilization in cement, concrete, foamed concrete blocks, − etc. Recently, there have been reports about the utilization of fly ash to prepare functional materials with higher added value such as sorbents of CO 2 and heavy metal ions, − zeolite by hydrothermal treatment of fly ash with NaOH solution, − ceramics, polymer composites, and thermal insulation material. − For example, Liu et al utilize attapulgite, fly ash, and poly(acrylic acid) to prepare nanocomposite hydrogels with selective adsorbents for Pb 2+ ion . Ray et al utilized recycled polypropylene and fly ash to prepare polymer composites with enhanced impact strength .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Insulation Monolith of Aluminum Tobermorite Nanosheets Prepared from Fly Ash

Bai

Ren

et al. 2015

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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A thermal insulation monolith of aluminum tobermorite nanosheets was prepared by a facile method of one-step hydrothermal reaction and molding of a high energy ball milled slurry of fly ash, sodium bentonite, calcium hydroxide, and sodium water glass, followed by drying at ambient pressure. The monolith was characterized by XRD, FTIR, TG-DSC, SEM, TEM, BET, mercury porosimeter, and AFM. The addition of both sodium bentonite and sodium water glass plays a crucial role in preventing shrinkage and improving the porosity of the monolith. The monolith has the microstructure of randomly oriented and multually interwoven aluminum tobermorite nanosheets among which there are numerous macropores. Interestingly, the aluminum tobermorite nanosheets can be exfoliated by ultrasonication treatment to provide single-layer ultrathin nanosheets of aluminum tobermorite with a thickness of 1.18 nm and an aspect ratio of ∼1000. The monolith of aluminum tobermorite nanosheets has low apparent density (0.077 g cm −3 ) and very low thermal conductivity (0.03793 W m −1 K −1 ). The low thermal conductivity of the monolith is attributed to its high porosity or pore volume due to the presence of numerous macropores among aluminum tobermorite nanosheets.

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Microwave synthesis of thermal insulating foams from coal derived bottom ash

Cited by 67 publications

References 23 publications

Experimental evaluation of sustainable geopolymer mortars developed from loam natural soil

Experimental evaluation of sustainable geopolymer mortars developed from loam natural soil

Microwave Foaming of Materials: An Emerging Field

Thermal Insulation Monolith of Aluminum Tobermorite Nanosheets Prepared from Fly Ash

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