Enantioselectivity of mass spectrometry: Challenges and promises

Abstract

With the fast growing market of pure enantiomer drugs and bioactive molecules, new chiral-selective analytical tools have been instigated including the use of mass spectrometry (MS). Even though MS is one of the best analytical tools that has efficiently been used in several pharmaceutical and biological applications, traditionally MS is considered as a "chiral-blind" technique. This limitation is due to the MS inability to differentiate between two enantiomers of a chiral molecule based merely on their masses. Several approaches have been explored to assess the potential role of MS in chiral analysis. The first approach depends on the use of MS-hyphenated techniques utilizing fast and sensitive chiral separation tools such as liquid chromatography (LC), gas chromatography (GC), and capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled to MS detector. More recently, several alternative separation techniques have been evaluated such as supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and capillary electrochromatography (CEC); the latter being a hybrid technique that combines the efficiency of CE with the selectivity of LC. The second approach is based on using the MS instrument solely for the chiral recognition. This method depends on the behavioral differences between enantiomers towards a foreign molecule and the ability of MS to monitor such differences. These behavioral differences can be divided into three types: (i) differences in the enantiomeric affinity for association with the chiral selector, (ii) differences of the enantiomeric exchange rate with a foreign reagent, and (iii) differences in the complex MS dissociation behaviors of the enantiomers. Most recently, ion mobility spectrometry was introduced to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate chiral compounds. This article provides an overview of MS role in chiral analysis by discussing MS based methodologies and presenting the challenges and promises associated with each approach.

Chiral separation of 12 cathinone analogs by cyclodextrin‐assisted capillary electrophoresis with UV and mass spectrometry detection

“…The TOF‐MS analysis was performed in the positive ion mode using partial filling technique to minimize contamination of the MS with nonvolatile cyclodextrins. The CE system was connected to a TOF‐MS, (3250a MSD, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) with a CE‐ESI‐MS sprayer interface.…”

Peran Homepharmacycare pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II Prolanis terhadap Tingkat Kepatuhan dan Keberhasilan Terapi Di BP Sentra Medika Lebaksiu Tegal

“…Hal ini karena pada rentang usia tersebut, termasuk kedalam golongan lanjut usia awal sehingga mulai mengalami penurunan fungsi organ termasuk pankreas yang mengakibatkan produksi insulin mulai menurun dan biasanya pada rentang usia tersebut pola hidup mulai menurun/kurang baik. Menurut Awad et al (2013) dalam penelitiannya menyatakan bahwa penderita diabetes terbanyak di rentang usia 51-60 tahun dan secara umum penderita paling banyak didapatkan pada usia 40-60 tahun [5]. Pasien dengan kelompok tidak bekerja lebih dominan jumlahnya dimana rata-rata adalah ibu rumah tangga.…”

Online capillary solid-phase microextraction coupled liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for analysis of chiral secondary alcohol products in yeast catalyzed stereoselective reduction cell culture

“…Nowadays, the SPME technique has been extensively applied to various samples such as environmental waters [25][26][27][28][29][30][31], wine samples [22,23], nuts and grains [32], tea products and crude drugs [33], human urine [34][35][36][37][38], human saliva [38,39], liquid medicines and intravenous injection solutions [40], and human hair [35]. Recently, in order to increase the detection sensitivity for ultra-trace sample analysis, the SPME coupled liquid chromatography has switched its detector from spectrometers such as ultraviolet (UV) detector [30,37,[40][41][42] and fluorescence (FL) detector [33] to high sensitivity mass spectrometer (MS) [26,29,32,[34][35][36]38,39,[43][44][45] and tandem mass spectrometer (MS/MS) [25,27,28,31,46,47].…”