Enacted and implied stigma for dementia in a community in south‐west Nigeria

Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi; Fagbola, M A; Olakehinde, Olaide; Ogunniyi, Adesola

doi:10.1111/psyg.12156

Cited by 36 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This study investigated whether differences exist among college students' stigmatic attributions towards a person with YOD or LOD. Overall, similar to other studies conducted with the general public [15,[18][19][20][21][22][23], stigmatic attributions towards a person with AD were low to moderate in our sample of relatively young college students. This calls for special attention, particularly since it was established that stigmatic processes, in general, begin at a young age [24], and specifically in regards to Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The influence of the age of dementia onset on college students’ stigmatic attributions towards a person with dementia

2020

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Background: Research in the area of public stigma and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is limited to examining stigmatic beliefs towards persons aged 65 and over (i.e., persons with late-onset dementia). The aim of the present study was to compare college students' stigmatic attributions towards an older and a younger person with AD, using an attributional model of stigma. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 375 college students (mean age = 25.5, 58.9% female, 64.3% Jewish) who answered a computerized, self-administered, structured questionnaire after being presented with one of two randomly distributed vignettes varying in the age of the person with AD-80 or 50 years of age. Cognitive, emotional and behavioral attributions of stigma were assessed using an adapted version of the Attribution Questionnaire. Other variables examined included background information, experiences and concerns about developing AD. T-tests and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) hierarchical regressions were used to analyze results. Results: Similar to previous studies, students' levels of dementia stigma were low to moderate. Negative attributions were consistently and significantly higher (β = .17 to .33, p < .01), and positive attributions were significantly lower (β = −.26, p < .01) when the target person was younger rather than older. Conclusion: The differences in stigmatic beliefs towards a younger and older person with AD point to the theoretical and practical importance of clearly stating the age of the target person in stigma studies as well as in programs aimed at reducing public stigma towards persons with AD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The influence of the age of dementia onset on college students’ stigmatic attributions towards a person with dementia

2020

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“…As for the consequences of stigma, similar to previous studies in the area of Alzheimer's disease (24,45,46), family caregivers and professionals in our study reported experiencing emotional strain and burden because of being associated with persons with EOD, but for different reasons. While for the spouses, stigmatic beliefs aroused feelings of isolation and concern for the future, professionals expressed mainly feelings of frustration and difficulty for lacking the resources and experience to help this unique population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Family caregivers’ and professionals’ stigmatic experiences with persons with early‐onset dementia: a qualitative study

Werner

Shpigelman

Turgeman

2019

Scandinavian Caring Sciences

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Objectives Recently, research has focused on understanding the needs of persons with early‐onset dementia and their family caregivers who often experience stigmatic beliefs. However, to date, research has not provided a thorough and deep understanding of the stigma formation process and its implications for this population. Thus, the aim of the present study was to explore the stigma formation process as experienced by family members as informal caregivers of persons with early‐onset dementia, and professionals as formal caregivers who are involved in the development, management and provision of services. Method We conducted three focus groups with 16 participants, including spouses of a person with early‐onset dementia and professionals. The focus groups’ transcripts were analysed following a thematic analysis procedure. Results Results indicated that both family members and professionals encounter stigmatic experiences because of their association with younger persons with dementia. Lack of knowledge emerged as the main antecedent and emotional burden as the main consequence of stigma. Conclusion Stigmatic experiences emerged as a pervasive and complex phenomenon among formal and informal caregivers of persons with early‐onset dementia, suggesting the need to developing a comprehensive and integrated approach to reduce them at the individual, professional and societal levels.

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“…Our results show a link between dementia and "mental retardation." This mirrors results from a study in Nigeria that included descriptions of dementia such as "disease of insanity" and showed that 36% of respondents associated dementia with shame and embarrassment [17]. Dementia-related stigma is common worldwide, and impedes help-seeking behavior of PWD and caregivers [18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Community perceptions about dementia in southwestern Uganda

et al. 2020

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Background: With the increasing number of people surviving into older age in Africa, dementia is becoming a public health concern. Understanding the social dynamics of dementia in resource-limited settings is critical for developing effective interventions. We explored community perceptions about people with dementia in southwestern Uganda. Methods: Fifty-nine individuals (aged 19-85 years, 56% female) participated in seven focus group discussions. In addition, 22 individual in-depth interviews were conducted among individuals (aged 22-84 years, 36% female). Both interviews and focus group discussions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and evaluated using a quantitative content analysis approach.Results: Five themes were generated during content analysis: i) Labeling of the illness, ii) Presentation of the person with dementia, iii) Causation, iv) Impact of the disease on people with dementia and their caregivers and v) Views on how to address unmet needs in dementia care. Dementia was commonly referred to as "okuhuga" or "okwebwayebwa" (also, oruhuzyo/ empugye / akahuriko) which translates as "mental disorientation". The participants reported that most people with dementia presented with forgetfulness, defecating and urinating on themselves, wandering away from home, going out naked, and picking up garbage. Some participants perceived memory problems as a normal part of the aging process, while others attributed the cause of dementia to syphilis, cancer, allergy, old age, satanic powers, witchcraft, poor nutrition, or life stress. Participants reported multiple sources of stress for caregivers of people with dementia, including financial, social, and emotional burdens. Finally, participants suggested that community and governmental organizations should be involved in meeting the needs of people with dementia and their caregivers.Conclusions: Community members in southwestern Uganda largely identified dementia as a problem that comes with older age, and can identify key features of dementia presentation. Participants identified significant stressors affecting people with dementia and their caregivers, and reported that families and caregivers would benefit from education on the management of symptoms of dementia, and assistance in overcoming associated financial, social, and emotional burdens related to caretaking.

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Enacted and implied stigma for dementia in a community in south‐west Nigeria

Abstract: The presence of enacted and implied stigma related to dementia within the community calls for concern. More research efforts are needed to unravel the burden of stigma within communities and best practice for stigma-reducing interventions.

Cited by 36 publications

References 19 publications

The influence of the age of dementia onset on college students’ stigmatic attributions towards a person with dementia

The influence of the age of dementia onset on college students’ stigmatic attributions towards a person with dementia

Family caregivers’ and professionals’ stigmatic experiences with persons with early‐onset dementia: a qualitative study

Community perceptions about dementia in southwestern Uganda

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