“…Other popular analog audio effects for digital modelling include compressors [30] and limiters [31], distortion effects [32,33,34], synthesiser filters [35,36,37], synthesiser oscillators [38,39,40,41], tape delay [42] and reverb [43,44]. Much of the research also focuses on more general concepts and frameworks that are useful for modelling physical systems, such as work on dispersion [45], finite difference simulation [46] and circuit modelling [47,48,49,50,51] There are many challenges when it comes to VA modelling. Many audio effects processing devices that are popular modelling targets are non-linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, which can make them challenging to emulate accurately.…”