Empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia: A Pediatric Investigator's Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) study

Langley, Joanne M.; Kellner, James D.; Solomon, Nataly; Robinson, Joan; Saux, Nicole Le; McDonald, Jane; Ulloa‐Gutiérrez, Rolando; Tan, Ben; Allen, Upton; Dobson, Simon; Joudrey, Heather

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-8-129

Cited by 60 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Current microbiological diagnosis is usually based on direct Gram stain and routine bacterial culture even though the large majority of pediatric specimens are culture and Gram stain negative (3,8), likely related to antibiotic treatment before sample collection, limited organism load in specimens, and/or suboptimal transport and storage conditions. In a recent report from Canada, only 32% of patients with empyema had a microbiologic diagnosis, even after combining results of culture from pleural fluid, blood, and lung tissue (5). Another study reported similar data in that only 35% of blood and/or pleural fluid specimens of patients with empyema were positive by culture (1).…”

supporting

confidence: 56%

Rapid Detection of Streptococcus pyogenes in Pleural Fluid Samples from Pediatric Patients with Empyema

et al. 2012

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A total of 120 pleural fluid specimens from 113 pediatric patients were tested using two rapid antigen detection assays for Streptococcus pyogenes. Results were compared to culture, Gram stain, and PCR results. Each rapid antigen assay detected 9 out of 10 (90%) PCR-positive samples, with 100% specificity. These antigen detection assays are useful to provide microbiological diagnosis of empyema caused by S. pyogenes.

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supporting

confidence: 56%

Rapid Detection of Streptococcus pyogenes in Pleural Fluid Samples from Pediatric Patients with Empyema

et al. 2012

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“…There is no consensus in the literature. Some studies have reported that complications of CAP are more common in males, (6,16,22) whereas others a history of pneumonia and wheezing) with complications of CAP has been reported by other authors. In one study, (16) children with a history of recurrent respiratory infections and wheezing were found to be up to five times more likely to be hospitalized for pneumonia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fatores associados às complicações em crianças pré-escolares com pneumonia adquirida na comunidade

et al. 2012

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Objective: To identify socioeconomic factors and clinical factors associated with the development of complications in preschool children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study involving children (12-59 months of age) diagnosed with CAP and admitted to the pediatric wards of two hospitals in the metropolitan area of Campinas, Brazil. Children with cystic fibrosis, heart disease, pulmonary malformations, neurological disorders, or genetic diseases were excluded. The diagnosis of CAP was based on clinical and radiological findings. Data were collected from the medical records and with a semistructured questionnaire. The subjects were divided into two groups (complicated and uncomplicated CAP). Socioeconomic and clinical variables were compared, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: Of the 63 children included, 29 and 34, respectively, presented with uncomplicated and complicated CAP. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups regarding age at admission, gestational age, birth weight, gender, or socioeconomic variables. Significant differences were found between the groups regarding history of pneumonia (p = 0.03), previous antibiotic therapy (p = 0.004), time elapsed since the onset of CAP (p = 0.01), duration of fever prior to admission (p < 0.001), duration of antibiotic therapy (p < 0.001), and length of hospital stay (p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, only duration of fever prior to admission remained in the model (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.36-2.84; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Biological variables, especially duration of fever prior to admission, appear to be associated with the development of complications in children with CAP.Keywords: Community-acquired infections; Pneumonia; Pleural Effusion. ResumoObjetivo: Identificar os fatores socioeconômicos e clínicos associados à evolução para complicações em crianças internadas com pneumonia adquirida na comunidade (PAC). Métodos: Estudo longitudinal prospectivo em crianças diagnosticadas com PAC (12-59 meses de idade) internadas em enfermarias gerais de pediatria de dois hospitais na região de Campinas (SP). Os critérios de exclusão foram ter fibrose cística, cardiopatia, malformação pulmonar, neuropatias e doenças genéticas. PAC foi diagnosticada por características clínicas e radiológicas. Os dados foram coletados dos prontuários médicos e por um questionário semiestruturado. Os sujeitos foram divididos em dois grupos (PAC complicada e não complicada). Foram comparadas variáveis socioeconômicas e clínicas, e foi realizada análise de regressão logística multivariada. Resultados: Das 63 crianças incluídas, 29 e 34, respectivamente, apresentaram PAC não complicada e PAC complicada. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos quanto a idade na admissão, idade gestacional, peso ao nascer, gênero ou variáveis socioeconômicas. Houve diferenças significantes entre os grupos em relação a pneumonia anterior (p = 0,03)...

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“…Children-acquired pleural infection belongs to community-acquired infection. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common pathogen (38,(41)(42)(43), and the fatality rate is not more than 1% (1,42). However, staphylococcus aureus infection rate has been exhibiting an increasing trend recently (44).…”

Section: Antibiotic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious pleural effusion status and treatment progress

Yang

Zhang

2017

J. Thorac. Dis.

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Pleural cavity infection continuously seriously threatens human health with continuous medical progress. From the perspective of pathophysiology, it can be divided into three stages: exudative stage, fibrin exudation and pus formation stage, and organization stage. Due to the pathogenic bacteria difference of pleural cavity infection and pulmonary infection, it is very important for disease treatment to analyze the bacteria and biochemical characteristics of the infectious pleural effusion. Most prognoses of patients have been relatively good, while for some patients, the complicated parapneumonic effusion or empyema could be evolved. Antibiotic treatment and sufficient drainage are the foundation for this treatment. No evidence can support the routine use of a fibrin agent. However, it has been reported that the plasminogen activator and deoxyribonuclease can be recommended to be applied in the pleural cavity. In case of failure on conservative medical treatment, operative treatment can be applied such as thoracoscopy and pleural decortication.According to the clinical characteristics of these patients, it is a key to research prognosis, as well as early evaluation and stratification, in the future.

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Empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia: A Pediatric Investigator's Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) study

Cited by 60 publications

References 27 publications

Rapid Detection of Streptococcus pyogenes in Pleural Fluid Samples from Pediatric Patients with Empyema

Rapid Detection of Streptococcus pyogenes in Pleural Fluid Samples from Pediatric Patients with Empyema

Fatores associados às complicações em crianças pré-escolares com pneumonia adquirida na comunidade

Infectious pleural effusion status and treatment progress

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