Empty fruit bunches, potential fiber source for Indonesian pulp and paper industry

Indriati, Lies; Elyani, Nina; Dina, Sari Farah

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/980/1/012045

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The results showed that the average fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen diameter, and cell wall thickness of SPB were 1.34 mm, 20.05 µm, 11.82 µm, and 4.12 µm, respectively. According to the International Association of Wood Anatomy (IAWA) classification, SPB fiber was categorized as moderate (0.9-1.6 mm) [23]. Compared to oil palm bunch and acacia fibers, the fiber length of SPB was longer.…”

Section: Fiber Morphology and Fiber Derivatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This showed that EFB fiber had a high lumen diameter with a thin wall, thereby making it easier to flatten [16]. The Muhlstep ratio and felting power of SPB fibers, namely 64.74 and 68.96, respectively, showed that its fiber was easy to flatten and could form inter-fiber bonding [23]. The coefficient of rigidity and flexibility ratio showed the flexibility degree of the fiber.…”

Section: Fiber Morphology and Fiber Derivatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Indonesian Sugar Palm Bunch (Arenga longipes Mogea) Properties for Various Utilization Purposes

Hakim,

Iswanto,

Herawati

et al. 2024

Forests

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Sugar palm bunch/SPB (Arenga longipes Mogea) waste is a lignocellulosic material derived from the harvest of sugar palm fruit (kolang-kaling). Therefore, this study aims to examine the anatomical, physical, chemical, and mechanical characteristics of SPB. The anatomical characterization results showed that SPB had two forms of fibrovascular bundles (FVBs), namely large and small. Based on morphology, SPB fibers had a length, diameter, average lumen diameter, and cell wall thickness of approximately 1346.42 ± 415.71 μm, 20.05 ± 3.81 μm, 11.82 ± 2.95 μm, and 4.12 ± 1.08 μm, respectively. FVB tissue of the sample had a fairly high density of 4–6 FVB per 4 mm2 with a non-vascular area/total area ratio of 57.25%. The results showed that the sample contained 45.31 ± 3.20% cellulose, 23.21 ± 3.73% hemicellulose, 27.23 ± 4.23% lignin, and 1.39 ± 0.32% ash content. In addition, the extractive content that dissolved in hot water, cold water, ethanol-benzene, and 1% NaOH was 4.79 ± 0.84%, 7.12 ± 0.68%, 7.27 ± 2.38%, and 29.81 ± 3.78%, respectively. The GC–MS analysis results showed that A. longipes bunch contained several compounds, including carboxylic acid (tetradecanoic, octadecanoic), methoxy group (3-hydoxyphthalide), and palmitic acid. Meanwhile, the FTIR analysis showed the presence of OH groups with high intensity, which were identified as aromatic groups, as well as phenol groups recognized as lignin. Based on these results, characteristics of SPB were more suitable as raw materials for biomass energy, absorbent activated carbon, composite board, and surfactant.

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Section: Fiber Morphology and Fiber Derivatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fiber Morphology and Fiber Derivatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Indonesian Sugar Palm Bunch (Arenga longipes Mogea) Properties for Various Utilization Purposes

Hakim,

Iswanto,

Herawati

et al. 2024

Forests

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“…Faktor utama yang berpengaruh terhadap kekuatan lembaran adalah panjang serat yang digunakan (Indriati et al, 2020). Panjang serat daur ulang OCC sangat beragam tergantung pada sumber dan kualitas OCC yang digunakan.…”

Section: Kualitas Lembaran Laboratoriumunclassified

Pemanfaatan Serat Daur Ulang Popok Bekas pada Pembuatan Kertas dan Karton

Indriati¹,

Wattimena²,

Farizki³

et al. 2023

J selulosa

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Seiring dengan meningkatnya konsumsi popok sekali pakai, potensi masalah lingkungan akibat pembuangan popok bekas ke lingkungan juga cenderung meningkat dan memerlukan penanganan yang serius. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan adalah dengan mendaur ulang popok bekas untuk mendapatkan bahan-bahan yang dapat dimanfaatkan kembali untuk pembuatan produk bernilai tambah. Salah satunya adalah serat yang diperoleh dari proses daur ulang popok bekas. Sekitar 70% dari serat daur ulang popok bekas dikategorikan sebagai serat panjang dengan panjang serat lebih dari 2 mm. Percobaan pemanfaatan serat daur ulang popok bekas sebagai serat pensubstitusi pada pembuatan kertas/karton telah dilakukan pada laboratorium dan inkubator bisnis. Pada percobaan laboratorium, penggunaan serat daur ulang popok bekas pada lembaran dari OCC atau waste sludge menghasilkan kekuatan lembaran yang lebih tinggi. Sedangkan pada percobaan di Inkubator Bisnis menunjukkan hasil yang kurang seragam. Serat daur ulang popok bekas berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai serat penguat (reinforcing fiber) pada lembaran kertas/karton dari serat daur ulang kertas bekas. Kata kunci: popok, kertas, karton, daur ulang, serat panjang The Utilization of Used Diapers Recycled Fibers in Paper and Paperboard Making Abstract Along with the increasing consumption of disposable diapers, the potential for environmental problems due to their disposal into the environment also tends to increase and requires serious handling. One of the efforts made is by recycling used diapers to obtain materials that can be reused to manufacture value-added products. One of them is a recycled fiber obtained from used diapers recycling process. Approximately 70% of used diapers recycled fiber is categorized as long fiber with a fiber length of more than 2 mm. Experiments on the utilization of used diapers recycled fibers as substitute fibers in the manufacture of paper/paperboard have been carried out in the laboratory and the Business Incubator. In the laboratory experiment, the use of recycled fibers on sheets from Old Corrugated Containers (OCC) or waste sludge resulted in higher sheet strength. Whereas the experiments in the Business Incubator showed less uniform results. Therefore, the ussed diapers recycled fibers have the potential to be used as reinforcing fibers on paper/paperboard made from waste paper recycled fibers. Keywords: diapers, paper, paperboard, recycling, long fiber

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“…Industri pulp dan kertas merupakan salah satu industri non-migas yang penting dalam mendukung perekonomian nasional [25]. Dalam industri kertas yang menggunakan bahan baku sampah kertas harus melalui dua tahap pengolahan.…”

Section: E Proses Pembuatan Kertas Daur Ulangunclassified

Pengolahan Sampah Kertas Menjadi Bahan Baku Industri Kertas Bisa Mengurangi Sampah di Indonesia

Saputra¹,

Fauzi²

2022

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Garbage is an actual problem faced by Indonesia along with the increasing population. Paper is one of the most generated wastes. Indonesia produces 67.8 million tons of waste annually. And produces 8.1 million tons of paper waste annually. The volume of paper waste every 2 years increases by 1%. Paper waste can be recycled by the paper industry. With this research, the management of paper waste is used as a raw material for the paper industry by utilizing the fiber contained in paper waste. In this effort it can be see that recycling waste management can reduce waste in Indonesia by up to 10.2% per year. By recycling paper waste, we maintain the balance of nature and prevent global warming.

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Empty fruit bunches, potential fiber source for Indonesian pulp and paper industry

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Characterization of Indonesian Sugar Palm Bunch (Arenga longipes Mogea) Properties for Various Utilization Purposes

Characterization of Indonesian Sugar Palm Bunch (Arenga longipes Mogea) Properties for Various Utilization Purposes

Pemanfaatan Serat Daur Ulang Popok Bekas pada Pembuatan Kertas dan Karton

Pengolahan Sampah Kertas Menjadi Bahan Baku Industri Kertas Bisa Mengurangi Sampah di Indonesia

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