Empowering critical thinking skills by implementing scientific approach-based models among various students’ ethnics

Abstract

In empowering students’ 21st century skills, the implementation of scientific approach-based models (SAbM) is recommended. This quasi-experimental research was conducted in senior high school in which the students were comprised of different ethnics. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of SAbM on empowering students' critical thinking skills (CTS). The SAbM implemented were Problem-Based Learning (PBL), Guided Inquiry (GI), and PBL+GI combination. Furthermore, the students’ ethnics included were Javanese, Bugis, Kutai, Banjar, and Toraja. The purposive sampling was used to determine the classes employed (i.e. 11th classes from two senior high schools in Samarinda). The instrument used to collect CTS data was questions test. The data were analyzed using two-way ANCOVA. The results showed that there was no significant interaction between ethnic and learning models on the students' CTS (p = 0.219), as also shown by the main effect of ethnic types (p = 0.583). In contrast, there was a significant effect of SAbM on students’ CTS (p = 0.0005) Through this study, SAbM need to be implemented continuously as it can optimize the empowerment of students’ 21st Century skills.

Critical Thinking and Scientific Approach in Efl Context: A Literature Review

“…Unfortunately, the scientific approach was not sufficient to improve students' critical thinking without the teachers' active roles in it (Ratnaningsih, 2017;Sari et al, 2019;Marin & Halpern, 2011;Ku, 2009). The use of creative learning models is suggested to resolve this issue in order to strengthen the critical thinking of learners (Boleng et al, 2020;Jumaisyaroh et al, 2015;Rezaei et al, 2011;Sari et al, 2019). Besides innovative learning models, teachers also need to create challenging activities in which students are actively involved so that the learning situation is always dynamic (Masduqi, 2011).…”

“…The second innovative learning model, problem-based learning, was proved to be useful in increasing students' critical thinking (Anazifa & Djukri, 2017;Boleng et al, 2020;Jumaisyaroh et al, 2015;Narmaditya et al, 2018). In problem-based learning mechanisms, critical thinking is built when learners learn through the problems they are trying to solve.…”