Employment opportunities for ex-offenders

Berg, Chantal van den; Blommaert, Lieselotte; Bijleveld, Catrien; Ruiter, Stijn

doi:10.1016/j.rssm.2020.100476

Cited by 11 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(134 reference statements)

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“…The managers were given hypothetical scenarios that required selecting bank employees for promotion or development, and the solution of a supervisory problem based on the report of a supervisor whose sex was manipulated. The study found significantly lower willingness to promote 22 Baert, De Pauw, and Deschacht (2016) try to study promotions in the context of a correspondence study field experiment, but this entails hiring at new employers into jobs at a higher level than the present one, which is different from internal promotions. 23 As counterexamples, Singer and Sewell (1989) discuss many studies regarding selection decisions based on age.…”

Section: Sexmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The only exception would be, perhaps, an experiment run internally at a company that was sufficiently large to be able to present fictitious workers to other managers. 22 The closest laboratory experiments have gotten to more real-world decisions is to administer vignette studies to managers likely to be actively involved in making similar decisions-for example, administering the experiment to managers participating in a training program. To a large extent, vignette studies simply test for discrimination in decision making, without attempting to determine the nature of discrimination.…”

Section: Evidence Of Negative Stereotypes Against Women In Mathematicmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Research on Labor Market Discrimination

Neumark

2018

Journal of Economic Literature

368

172

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Understanding whether labor market discrimination explains inferior labor market outcomes for many groups has drawn the attention of labor economists for decades— at least since the publication of Gary Becker’s The Economics of Discrimination in 1957. The decades of research on discrimination in labor markets began with a regression-based “decomposition” approach, asking whether raw wage or earnings differences between groups—which might constitute prima facie evidence of discrimination—were in fact attributable to other productivity-related factors. Subsequent research—responding in large part to limitations of the regression-based approach—moved on to other approaches, such as using firm-level data to estimate both marginal productivity and wage differentials. In recent years, however, there has been substantial growth in experimental research on labor market discrimination—although the earliest experiments were done decades ago. Some experimental research on labor market discrimination takes place in the lab. But far more of it is done in the field, which makes this particular area of experimental research unique relative to the explosion of experimental economic research more generally. This paper surveys the full range of experimental literature on labor market discrimination, places it in the context of the broader research literature on labor market discrimination, discusses the experimental literature from many different perspectives (empirical, theoretical, and policy), and reviews both what this literature has taught us thus far, and what remains to be done. (JEL C93, J14, J15, J16, J23, J41, J71)

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Section: Sexmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Evidence Of Negative Stereotypes Against Women In Mathematicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Research on Labor Market Discrimination

Neumark

2018

Journal of Economic Literature

368

172

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In these cases, the employer is usually obliged, for example, by the company’s internal policy, to require a certificate even though they perceive that the applicant’s criminal background, of which they have been informed by the applicant, poses no substantive threat. Research on the crime–employment relationship in the Netherlands has demonstrated that Dutch employers are not predominantly unfavourable towards (considering) hiring ex-offenders (Dirkzwager et al, 2015; Ramakers et al, 2016, Van den Berg et al, 2020) and yet they seem nevertheless to feel obliged to resort to the state’s screening procedure.…”

Section: The Responsibilisation Of Employersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Privacy, promotionalism and the proliferation of state-performed criminal record screening in the Netherlands: How a restrictive legal framework can still result in a steep increase of criminal background checks

Zand-Kurtovic

Boone

2023

Criminology & Criminal Justice

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The Netherlands has endorsed a unique system regarding the management, disclosure and screening of criminal records. Disclosure to third parties is strongly restricted, yet all (potential) employees can request a government agency to provide a risk assessment − known as a Certificate of Conduct (‘VOG’ in Dutch) − for every kind of employment application to determine whether they are fit for a given job. This article explains how and why this Dutch policy approach, deemed respectful of individual privacy rights, can nonetheless go hand in hand with the promotion, proliferation and pervasiveness of criminal record screening. It challenges the often dichotomic approach of the comparative literature on criminal record policies and helps understand that privacy protection alone cannot be fully equated with the rehabilitation and re-entry in society of people with a criminal history. Although the Dutch criminal record system avoids any unnecessary publicity of criminal record data, it nonetheless triggers adverse impairments on reintegration processes through stigmatisation and exclusion resulting from the ubiquitous use of Certificates of Conduct in the labour market. This questions the promotion of the Dutch screening instrument as an exemplary model for criminal record information sharing within Europe.

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“…However, Galgano (2009), Uggen (2014), andDecker (2014) found no such interaction. We know of only one non-U.S. study combining criminal record and race: In the Netherlands, Van den Berg et al (2020) found a criminal record does not appear to have much effect on the likelihood of receiving a callback; instead ethnic minority applicants face substantial discrimination regardless of criminal record.…”

Section: Muslims and Ethnic Groups From Muslim-majority Countries Are Discrimination Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Perspectives on Racial Discrimination in Hiring: The Rise of Field Experiments

Quillian

Midtbøen

2021

Annu. Rev. Sociol.

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This article reviews studies of discrimination against racial and ethnic minority groups in hiring in cross-national perspective. We focus on field-experimental studies of hiring discrimination: studies that use fictitious applications from members of different racial and ethnic groups to apply for actual jobs. There are more than 140 field experimental studies of hiring discrimination against ethno-racial minority groups in 30 countries. We outline seventeen empirical findings from this body of studies. We also discuss individual and contextual theories of hiring discrimination, the relative strengths and weaknesses of field experiments to assess discrimination, and the history of such field experiments. The comparative scope of this body of research helps to move beyond micromodels of employer decision-making to better understand the roles of history, social context, institutional rules, and racist ideologies in producing discrimination. These studies show that racial and ethnic discrimination is a pervasive international phenomenon that has hardly declined over time, although levels vary significantly over countries. Evidence indicates that institutional rules regarding race and ethnicity in hiring can have an important influence on levels of discrimination. Suggestions for future research on discrimination are discussed. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Sociology, Volume 47 is July 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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Employment opportunities for ex-offenders

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

Experimental Research on Labor Market Discrimination

Experimental Research on Labor Market Discrimination

Privacy, promotionalism and the proliferation of state-performed criminal record screening in the Netherlands: How a restrictive legal framework can still result in a steep increase of criminal background checks

Comparative Perspectives on Racial Discrimination in Hiring: The Rise of Field Experiments

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