Employment of thermal analysis applied to the oxidative stability evaluation of biodiesel using chalcone analogues

Berneira, Lucas M.; Rockembach, Caroline Tuchtenhagen; Silva, Caroline C. da; Freitas, S. C. de; Rosa, Bruno Nunes da; Pinto, Ernani; Anjos, Fabyana Maria dos; Santos, Marco Aurélio Ziemann dos; Pereira, Cláudio M. P.

doi:10.1007/s10973-020-10189-w

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The variety of fatty acids obtained, especially those with unsaturated chains, allows for better quality biodiesel [13,29]. In this sense, this study provided important information on the production of biodiesel from the microalga Chlorella sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The opening of cell membrane makes the extraction of intracellular metabolites efficient, because it forces out compounds from the cell matrix, producing good quality extracts [2]. In general, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) has been considered a potential alternative to conventional extraction methods to produce biodiesel from microorganisms due to (i) reduced extraction time, (ii) reduced solvent usage, and (iii) improved transesterification yield [10,13,28]. An alternative to improve the efficiency of MAE would be to increase the amount of organic solvent used, but the MAE method had several advantages over the TE, due to the lower use of organic solvents as well as greater ease, speed, and efficiency, in addition to following the principles of green chemistry to produce biodiesel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this sense, a high contents of saturated fatty acid (SFA) methyl esters leads to high viscosity biodiesel and, therefore, can cause engine problems and gum formation in vehicles. On the other hand, the presence of long chain fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) methyl esters is associated with low viscosity of the biodiesel [13,33]. However, it is noteworthy that a prevalence of PUFAs can lead to oxidative degradation processes, thus affecting the overall biodiesel quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…X-ray spectroscopy analyses were also performed for elemental characterization of biodiesel since the presence of contaminants also interferes with the quality of burning emissions, performance, engine integrity, safety of transport, and even handling of biodiesel. For instance, the presence of transition metals in the synthesized biodiesel can lead to oxidative instability, as these elements are known to initiate the formation of free radicals that decompose unsaturated fatty acids and, therefore, negatively affect biodiesel physicochemical properties [13,27]. Moreover, this information makes it possible to assess the potential of raw materials to produce biodiesel, since the biodiesel quality must meet the regulations of the National Agency for Gas, Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among ecofriendly methodologies, the application of microwave irradiation has a great potential for biodiesel production, as the extraction and transesterification can occur in a single step in situ. This combination not only reduces the synthesis time, solvent amount, and production cost eliminating complex and unneeded steps of the procedure [1,12], but also assists the biodiesel production from microbial biomass through cell wall disruption, rapid and homogeneous heat generation, and pressure, thereby enabling an efficient oil extraction [8,10,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Fatty Acids from Cultured and Commercial Phytoplankton Species

et al. 2022

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(1) Background: The extraction of fatty acids from microalgae and cyanobacteria is mostly performed with organic solvents and laborious procedures. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) can be a more effective and environmentally friendly process than traditional extraction (TE), which uses a large volume of solvent and conduction heating. Freshwater phytoplankton inhabits diverse aquatic environments and is a promising source of fatty acids and green precursors in the synthesis of biofuel, including cyanobacterial biomass. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of MAE to extract fatty acids from a Chlorella sp. microalga and two cyanobacteria, namely, Arthrospira sp. and Sphaerospermopsis torques-reginae, for biodiesel production. For this purpose, the lipid content and fatty acid profile of these strains were compared after treating biomass with the two extraction methods. (2) Methods: MAE and TE were used as extraction procedures; gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to assess the fatty acid profiles, and X-ray spectroscopy was used to analyze biomass. (3) Results: Although the fatty acid profile of the oil obtained by TE showed higher concentrations of fatty acids, the MAE method was able to extract more types of fatty acids. The variety of fatty acids extracted by the MAE, especially those with unsaturated chains, allowed for better quality biodiesel, presenting advantages over previous methods and studies. According to the analyses, essential fatty acids 16:0, 16:1, and 18:2 were found to be abundant in both cyanobacterial strains and in microalga, showing potential for biofuel production. Additionally, metal composition was determined as its content may indicate potential pro-oxidant influence in biofuel production. (4) Conclusions: MAE is a useful and green strategy to extract fatty acids from freshwater phytoplankton. Cyanobacteria can also be a beneficial source of fatty acids for biodiesel synthesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%