Empirical Investigation of Influencing Factors Regarding Offshore Outsourcing Decision of Application Maintenance

Rahman, Hanif Ur; Raza, Mushtaq; Afsar, Palwasha; Khan, Habib Ullah

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3073315

Cited by 19 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…The influencing factors were further evaluated in the outsourcing industry by performing an empirical study [1] that ranked 10 factors as critical success factors. In the current study, a MCDM model is developed based on the influencing factors identified in [2,3], and which were further validated and reported in [1]. Literature review showed that previous studies [5,24,28,30,38,39] also adopted the same method.…”

Section: Proposed Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This brings down the cost of software development by utilizing the employees with high skill sets and a wide pool of global resources as well as accessing cheaper resources and global talent. In addition, GSD provides opportunities, such as the development of software by following the sun, software development round the clock, access to qualified developers and engineers, access to online available resources, and obtaining economic as well as business growth [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major reason for adopting this strategy is the reduction of software development cost. Organizations cut down development costs about 30-50% by using the offshore outsourcing strategy [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IT outsourcing has sub categories; namely software development, software maintenance, infrastructure and business process [1]. Software maintenance is an important part of the development phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The factors have already been established and reported in the previous studies [2,3]. Second, we performed an empirical study [1] in the outsourcing industry that evaluated the identified influencing factors. Third, a multicriteria decision making model, based on the identified critical success factors is proposed for the sourcing decision of application maintenance in the current paper.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Multi-Criteria Decision Making Model for Application Maintenance Offshoring Using Analytic Hierarchy Process

et al. 2021

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The phenomenon of Global Software Development (GSD) has attracted the interest of businesses all over the world. It brings together partners from various national and corporate cultures to develop applications with numerous advantages, including access to a vast labor pool, cost savings, and round the clock growth. GSD, on the other hand, is technologically and organizationally diverse and poses a number of obstacles for the development team, such as geographical distance, cultural differences, communication and language barriers. Global services are provided by selecting one of the suitable global delivery options, i.e., the onshore model, nearshore model or offshore model. Experts typically choose one of the models based on the nature of the project and the needs of the customer. However, the vendors and clients lack an adequate decision support system that can assist them in making suitable sourcing decisions. Therefore, the current study presents a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model for offshore outsourcing decisions of application maintenance. To achieve our target, two systematic literature reviews were conducted that explored a list of 15 influencing factors. The identified factors were further evaluated in the outsourcing industry by performing an empirical study that resulted in a list of 10 critical success factors. We propose a sourcing framework based on the critical success factors that can assist decision makers in adopting a suitable sourcing strategy for the offshore outsourcing of application maintenance. In order to further enhance the decision-making process, the MCDM model is developed based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The MCDM model is evaluated with three case studies in highly reputable international companies, including IBM Stockholm, Sweden, Vattenfall AB, Stockholm, Sweden and a London based company in the United Kingdom. The outcomes of these case studies are further reviewed and validated by the outsourcing specialists in other firms. The proposed model is used as a decision support system that determines the ranking of sourcing alternatives and suggests the most suitable option for application maintenance offshoring.

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Section: Proposed Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Multi-Criteria Decision Making Model for Application Maintenance Offshoring Using Analytic Hierarchy Process

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Security risks of global software development life cycle: Industry practitioner's perspective

Khan

Akbar

et al. 2022

J Software Evolu Process

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Software security has become increasingly important because the malicious attack and other hacker risks of a computer system have grown popularity in the last few years. As a result, several researchers have examined security solutions as early as the requirement engineering phase. With the growth of the software business and the internet, there is a need to understand the security risks against each phase of the software development life cycle (SDLC). This study aims to empirically investigate and prioritize the risks that could negatively impact the software security aspects of SDLC in the context of global software development (GSD). To achieve the study objectives, we conducted an industrial empirical study to determine the impact of software security threats against each phase of SDLC. Furthermore, the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) was used to prioritize the list of software security risks against the SDLC. The results and analysis of this study provide a ranked‐based decision‐making framework, which assists the practitioners in considering the most critical security risks on priority. The results show “improper plan for secure requirement identification, inception, authentication, authorization, and privacy,” “lack of threat models updating,” “lack of output validation,” “lack of certification in the final release and archive,” and “spoofing” as the top‐ranked security risks of SDLC in GSD. In addition, the application of FAHP is novel in this domain as it is helpful to address multicriteria decision‐making problems.

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Evaluation of requirement engineering best practices for secure software development in GSD: An ISM analysis

Khan

Akbar

Rafi

et al. 2023

J Software Evolu Process

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Technological advancement makes the world a global village. Security is an evergreen and everlasting area, because of the continuous threat from Hackers and Crackers. The immense use of software systems has modernized human society in every aspect. Thus, it is crucial to devise new processes, techniques, and tools to support teams in the development of secure code from the early stages of the software development process, while potentially reducing the costs and shortening the time to market. Considering the significance of software security, it is important to consider the security practices from the early phase of the software development life cycle (SDLC), that is, requirements engineering (RE). Hence, this study aims to identify and categorize RE practices important to apply for secure software development (SSD) in a geographically distributed development environment. To study the RE practices concerning SSD, we conducted a questionnaire survey with industrial experts in the global software development (GSD) context.Furthermore, the interpretive structure modeling (ISM) approach was applied to evaluate the relationship between the RE security practice core categories. This paper identifies 70 practices and classifies them into 11 fundamental dimensions (categories) to assist GSD organizations in specifying the requirements for SSD. The ISM results show that the “Awareness of Secure Requirement Engineering (SRE)” category has the most decisive influence on the other 10 core categories of the identified RE security practices. With the help of empirical evidence and the ISM approach, this work attempts to identify potential security practices and to give a set of secure RE practices that can be used to improve the security of the software development process.

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Empirical Investigation of Influencing Factors Regarding Offshore Outsourcing Decision of Application Maintenance

Cited by 19 publications

References 57 publications

Multi-Criteria Decision Making Model for Application Maintenance Offshoring Using Analytic Hierarchy Process

Multi-Criteria Decision Making Model for Application Maintenance Offshoring Using Analytic Hierarchy Process

Security risks of global software development life cycle: Industry practitioner's perspective

Evaluation of requirement engineering best practices for secure software development in GSD: An ISM analysis

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