Emotional interference in isolation and in others’ presence

Fernandes, Alexandre Constâncio; Garcia‐Marques, Teresa; Prada, Marília; Martins, João

doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00534-0

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In its inception, the effect was found in behavioral tasks (for a review, see Bond & Titus, 1983), such as turning reels (Triplett, 1898), sports performance (Forgas et al, 1980), and driving (Baxter et al, 1990). But social facilitation effects are also found with cognitive tasks, such as card sorting (Griffin, 2001), paired associations (Matlin & Zajonc, 1968), and Stroop tasks (Fernandes et al, 2019;Huguet et al, 1999). However, to the best of our knowledge, no study (cf.…”

Section: The Impact Of Social Presencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, a neutral social context (i.e., co-action) was also shown to influence how individuals process stimuli of a different emotional nature. For example, facial expressions of anger and joy induce different levels of interference in an emotional Stroop task depending on the presence of others (Fernandes et al, 2019). However, the most relevant research was developed to understand the impact of our social life (and not necessarily the mere presence of others) on life satisfaction and wellbeing.…”

Section: The Impact Of Social Presencementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Feeling better in the presence of others: It may depend on whether you are a man or a woman

Garcia‐Marques

Prada

Fonseca

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Previous research has suggested that it is good to have other people around us. Indeed, there seems to be a generally positive impact of the presence of others on individuals’ physical and psychological well-being. In the current work, we examine if these positive experiences may be promoted by the mere presence of nonsignificant others in our environment, during a brief period. Specifically, in two experiments, we compared how being in the presence of others (co-action) versus being alone impacts how participants feel at the moment (mood, Experiment 1) and how satisfied they feel about their lives (general well-being, Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, we also manipulated the nature of the task (i.e., demanding/threatening vs. nondemanding). Both experiments revealed that participants feel more positive when in the presence of others. However, important gender differences occurred: mood enhancement for women (vs. men) only occurred when the task was nondemanding. In the case of life satisfaction, only women were sensitive to the presence of others. We discuss how these effects inform the social facilitation literature.

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Section: The Impact Of Social Presencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Impact Of Social Presencementioning

confidence: 99%

Feeling better in the presence of others: It may depend on whether you are a man or a woman

Garcia‐Marques

Prada

Fonseca

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…In contrast, when equal proportion of congruent and incongruent trials has been used, it is difficult to draw clear conclusions on which valence is prioritized as studies vary on important methodological aspects. Namely, although in all studies participants respond based on the emotion of the target-word (Stenberg et al, 1998;Haas, Omura, Constable & Canli, 2006;Zhu, Zhang, Wu, Luo, & Luo, 2010;Strand, Oram, & Hammar, 2013), sometimes the evaluation entails an identity match between the emotion of the target and that of the distractor such as when the label "happy" or labels related to happiness (i.e., joyful) are presented on a happy distractor-face (e.g., Ektin, Egner, Peraza, Kandel, & Hirsch, 2006;Egner, Ektin, Gale, & Hirsch, 2008;Zhu et al, 2010;Strand et al, 2013;Chechko, Augustin, Zvyagintsev, Schneider, Habel, & Kellermann, 2013;Yang, Wang, Yin, Zhao, Tan, & Chen, 2016;Kohn, Hermans & Fernández, 2017;Fernandes, Garcia-Marques, Prada & Martins, 2019). Other times, positive or negative target-words are presented with positive (happy) or negative faces (sad, afraid or angry) and participants assess whether the target-word denotes something good/positive or bad/negative (e.g., Stenberg et al, 1998;Haas et al, 2006;Beall & Herbert, 2008;Hu, Liu, Weng, & Northoff, 2012;Strand et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Findings showed larger interference effects from fearful distractor-faces in both conditions. Finally, Fernandes et al, (2019) presented words that were prototypical adjectives of happiness and anger onto happy and angry distractor-faces and participants responded based on whether target-words were related to happiness or anger. Findings (for the alone condition) showed that the interference from angry distractor-faces tended to be greater than from happy distractor-faces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

It is not always positive: emotional bias in young and older adults

Viviani

Luca

Antonucci³

et al. 2021

Psychological Research

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Healthy ageing has been associated to a bias toward positive information and greater psychological well-being. However, to what extent this positivity bias also applies to prioritizing positive information under emotional competition is unclear. Old and young adults performed a word-face interference task, in which they responded to the valence of positive and negative target-words while ignoring happy or angry distractor-faces that could be affectively congruent or incongruent. A control condition with scrambled neutral distractor-faces was also used. Findings showed small facilitation effects with faster responses when targets and distractors were affectively congruent and large interference effects with slower responses when targets and distractors were affectively incongruent compared to the control condition. Importantly, whereas for younger adults there was a similar pattern of interference from happy and angry distractor-faces, for older adults there was greater interference from angry distractor-faces. The present findings are discussed in the context of emotional bias literature.

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Deontic signs increase control monitoring: evidence from a modified traffic flanker task

et al. 2023

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Deontic norms are expected to impose individuals’ control over their behavior. In this paper, we address such norms presented in traffic signs and test their influence over executive control functions. For Experiment 1, we develop a traffic flanker task in which the typical neutral arrows are replaced with traffic prohibition/obligation signs. Experiment 2 isolated the deontic aspect of the signs using simple arrows on red, blue, and green backgrounds and either primed them to be interpreted as traffic signs or as elements of a gaming console controller. Results in both studies show evidence of controlling context interferences more efficiently when dealing with deontic (traffic) signs than with simple arrows (Experiment 1) or with similar perceptive targets when primed with a deontic context than with a gaming context (Experiment 2). In both studies, obligation/blue signs mitigate flanker effects less than prohibition/red signs. Stimuli color affects the alertness of the cognitive system, with the color red being, by itself, a cue for increased control. Based on temporal analysis, we further discuss these results as evidence of an increase in proactive control that aims to prevent the occurrence of undesirable influence.

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Emotional interference in isolation and in others’ presence

Cited by 6 publications

References 62 publications

Feeling better in the presence of others: It may depend on whether you are a man or a woman

Feeling better in the presence of others: It may depend on whether you are a man or a woman

It is not always positive: emotional bias in young and older adults

Deontic signs increase control monitoring: evidence from a modified traffic flanker task

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