Emotion Elicitation: A Comparison of Pictures and Films

Uhrig, Meike; Trautmann, N.; Baumgärtner, Ulf; Treede, Rolf‐Detlef; Henrich, Florian; Hiller, Wolfgang; Marschall, Susanne

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00180

Cited by 131 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons and a Greenhouse-Geisser correction (ε) due to sphericity assumptions being violated (Gruber, Dutra, Eidelman, Johnson, & Harvey, 2011;Uhrig et al, 2016;von Leupoldt et al, 2007). The dependent variables were average intensity ratings, and pairwise comparisons were conducted between the target emotion and each non-target emotion using contrasts.…”

Section: Data Analytic Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

A film set for the elicitation of emotion in research: A comprehensive catalog derived from four decades of investigation

et al. 2017

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Emotions are highly influential to many psychological processes. Indeed, research employing emotional stimuli is rapidly escalating across the field of psychology. However, challenges remain regarding discrete evocation of frequently co-elicited emotions such as amusement and happiness, or anger and disgust. Further, as much contemporary work in emotion employs college students, we sought to additionally evaluate the efficacy of film clips to discretely elicit these more challenging emotions in a young adult population using an online medium. The internet is an important tool for investigating responses to emotional stimuli, but validations of emotionally evocative film clips across laboratory and webbased settings are limited in the literature. An additional obstacle is identifying stimuli amidst the numerous film clip validation studies. During our investigation, we recognized the lack of a categorical database to facilitate rapid identification of useful film clips for individual researchers' unique investigations. Consequently, here we also sought to produce the first compilation of such stimuli into an accessible and comprehensive catalog. We based our catalog upon prior work as well as our own, and identified 24 articles and 295 film clips from four decades of research. We present information on the validation of these clips in addition to our own research validating six clips using online administration settings. The results of our search in the literature and our own study are presented in tables designed to facilitate and improve a selection of highly valid film stimuli for future research.Keywords Emotion . Film . Stimuli . Emotion elicitationThe study of emotion in relation to cognition, behavior, and health has grown exponentially over the last several decades. Indeed, emotion responses and emotion regulatory strategies are increasingly recognized as central to many, if not most, psychological processes. As such, there is a growing reliance on laboratory paradigms employing emotional stimuli to induce, alter, or simulate emotional contexts for investigation across the social sciences and, most notably, in psychology. Although there are currently a variety of methods used including emotional images (e.g., International Affective Picture System: Lang, Bradley, & Cuthbert, 2008), music (Koelsch, 2010;Logeswaran & Bhattacharya, 2009), and personal recollection (e.g., Lench & Levine, 2005;Papa & Bonanno, 2008), there is an increasing reliance on emotional film clips. For example, a search for Bemotion elicitation^and Bfilm clips^on Google Scholar and on psychology-specific databases (e.g., APA) yielded over 1,000 results. The use of film clips for emotion elicitation has many advantages. Clips are easily standardized and therefore reliable as compared to idiographic methods (e.g., personal recollection; see Mills & D'Mello 2014;Salas, Radovic, & Turnbull, 2012). Film clips readily engage participants for extended periods and allow for an ecologically valid induction, progression, and assessment o...

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Section: Data Analytic Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

A film set for the elicitation of emotion in research: A comprehensive catalog derived from four decades of investigation

et al. 2017

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“…As reviewed earlier, prior theory and research suggest that prosocial behavior may be engendered by a moderate range of arousal, such that those who are neither overnor underaroused by the needs of others are most likely to behave prosocially (Eisenberg et al, 1989;Kogan et al, 2014). Although film-based emotion evocations are commonly used and have demonstrated ecological validity (Gross & Levenson, 1995;Ray, 2007;Uhrig et al, 2016), it is likely that the current paradigm posed a relatively modest regulatory challenge as compared to an in vivo, active challenge involving more intense emotional content with real-life actors.…”

Section: Rsa Reactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Children's physiological reactivity in emotion contexts and prosocial behavior

2019

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Introduction Building on prior evidence that prosocial behavior is related to the regulation of personal distress in difficult situations, and given that physiological regulation is a central contributor to effective emotion regulation, this investigation evaluated whether and how children's autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity during emotion challenges influenced later expressions of prosocial behavior. Methods The current study utilized a diverse sample of school‐aged children (N = 169; 47.9% female; 47.3% Latinx) to evaluate relations between children's parasympathetic (i.e., respiratory sinus arrhythmia; RSA) and sympathetic (i.e., pre‐ejection period; PEP) reactivity in response to each of three film‐elicited emotion challenges (i.e., sadness, happiness, and fear) at age 7 and both observed and parent‐reported prosocial behavior one year later. Results Children's parasympathetic reactivity to a film eliciting sadness evidenced a nonlinear relation with later prosocial sharing such that children who evidenced either RSA withdrawal or augmentation in response to the sad emotion challenge engaged in higher levels of prosocial behavior than children who evidenced relatively low or absent reactivity. Parasympathetic reactivity to films eliciting happiness or fear was not significantly related to later prosocial behavior. Likewise, children's sympathetic reactivity in response to the emotion challenges did not significantly predict later prosocial behavior. Conclusions These findings provide preliminary support for a nonlinear association between children's parasympathetic emotion reactivity and later prosocial behavior, and suggest that children's ANS regulation in sad emotion contexts may be particularly important for understanding prosocial development.

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“…Several emotions can be elicited during a movie's view (Aurier and Guintcheva, 2015; Gabert-Quillen et al, 2015; Uhrig et al, 2016). There are four emotions that are largely elicited in most cases: anger, fear, sadness, and joy (Philippot, 1993; Rainville et al, 2006; Plutchik and Kellerman, 2013; Buck, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Psychometrics Meets Hollywood: The Complexity in Emotional Storytelling

Cipresso

Riva

2016

Front. Psychol.

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Expressions of emotions are pervasive in media, especially in movies. In this article, we focus on the emotional relationships of movie characters in narrative thought and emotional storytelling. Several studies examine emotion elicitation through movies, but there is a gap in scientific literature and in the practice to quantitatively consider emotions among the characters of a movie story, which in turn provide the basis of spectator emotion elicitation. Some might argument that the ultimate purpose of a movie is to elicit emotions in the viewers; however, we are highlighting that the path to emotional stimulation entails emotions among the characters composing a narrative and manipulating to enable the effective elicitation of viewers' emotions. Here we provided and tested an effective quantitative method for analyzing these relationships in emotional networks, which allow for a clear understanding of the effects of story changes on movie perceptions and pleasantness.

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Emotion Elicitation: A Comparison of Pictures and Films

Cited by 131 publications

References 46 publications

A film set for the elicitation of emotion in research: A comprehensive catalog derived from four decades of investigation

A film set for the elicitation of emotion in research: A comprehensive catalog derived from four decades of investigation

Children's physiological reactivity in emotion contexts and prosocial behavior

Computational Psychometrics Meets Hollywood: The Complexity in Emotional Storytelling

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