Emissions of atmospherically reactive gases nitrous acid and nitric oxide from Arctic permafrost peatlands

Bhattarai, Hem Raj; Marushchak, Maija E.; Ronkainen, Jussi; Lamprecht, Richard E.; Siljanen, Henri; Martikainen, Pertti J.; Biasi, Christina; Maljanen, Marja

doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac4f8e

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…Bhattarai et al. (2022) reported considerable soil HONO emissions (0.1–2.4 μg N m −2 hr −1 ) from arctic permafrost peatlands, indicating that the arctic and subarctic soils may be significant sources of HONO. If we simply assumed continuously soil HONO emissions for 3 months in summer in the arctic permafrost peatlands, the calculated annual soil HONO emissions were in the range of 0.002–0.05 kg N ha −1 yr −1 , with a mean value of 0.019 kg N ha −1 yr −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average agricultural soil HONO flux was in the range of −0.86 to 20.25 ng N m −2 s −1 measured by field dynamic chambers (Tang et al, 2019), while our estimated value was ∼8.53 ± 1.61 ng N m −2 s −1 in the same location. Bhattarai et al (2022) reported considerable soil HONO emissions (0.1-2.4 μg N m −2 hr −1 ) from arctic permafrost peatlands, indicating that the arctic and subarctic soils may be significant sources of HONO. If we simply assumed continuously soil HONO emissions for 3 months in summer in the arctic permafrost peatlands, the calculated annual soil HONO emissions were in the range of 0.002-0.05 kg N ha −1 yr −1 , with a mean value of 0.019 kg N ha −1 yr −1 .…”

Section: Global and Regional Patterns Of Soil Hono Emissions Using An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global and Regional Patterns of Soil Nitrous Acid Emissions and Their Acceleration of Rural Photochemical Reactions

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

JGR Atmospheres

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Abiotic and biotic releases of nitrous acid (HONO) from soils contribute substantially to the missing source of tropospheric HONO and hydroxyl radicals (OH). However, global and regional patterns of soil HONO emissions are rarely quantified, and the contributions of such emissions to atmospheric oxidization capacity are unclear. Here, we present that the best estimate of global soil HONO emissions in 2017 was 9.67 with a range of 7.36–11.99 Tg N yr−1, and cropland soils accounting for ∼79%. The analyses also indicate that regional soil HONO emissions enhanced ground OH concentrations by 10%–60% and ozone concentrations by 0.5–1.5 ppb in daytime in the ambient area of Shanghai, China. The impact of soil HONO emissions on OH budgets was more significant in rural than urban areas. These findings suggest that the soil HONO emissions, especially from cropland, could quicken photochemical reactions, and aggravate air pollution in rural areas.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Global and Regional Patterns Of Soil Hono Emissions Using An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global and Regional Patterns of Soil Nitrous Acid Emissions and Their Acceleration of Rural Photochemical Reactions

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

JGR Atmospheres

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“…Methanogenesis in particular is responsible for fluxes of methane in warming tundra (131, 133, 134) and was associated with tundra in the current study. Additionally, a gene involved in nitric oxide cycling (PF08768) (135–137), as well as a variety of anaerobic organisms and P-related genes (K03525, K00997, K00992, K13497, PF08009) (138–140), also provide insight into the molecular functions of tundra in the context of global climate change. Interestingly, we also found evidence for pathogen resistance within the tundra genomic signature (PF11203, PF05045), lending credence to a small number of recent studies suggesting permafrost environments as one of the largest reservoirs of soil viruses (141–144) and a possible linkage between soil methane and viral infection (145).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Genomic Potential For Greenhouse Gas Emissions Differs ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic fingerprints of the world’s soil ecosystems

Graham,

Garayburu-Caruso,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Despite the explosion of soil metagenomic data, we lack a synthesized understanding of patterns in the distribution and functions of soil microorganisms. These patterns are critical to predictions of soil microbiome responses to climate change and resulting feedbacks that regulate greenhouse gas release from soils. To address this gap, we assayed 1512 manually-curated soil metagenomes using complementary annotation databases, read-based taxonomy, and machine learning to extract multidimensional genomic fingerprints of global soil microbiomes. We reveal novel biogeographical patterns of soil microbiomes across environmental factors and ecological biomes with high molecular resolution. Specifically, we demonstrate shifts in the potential for microbial nutrient acquisition across pH gradients; for stress, transport, and redox-based processes across changes in soil bulk density; and for greenhouse gas emissions across biomes. We also use an unsupervised approach to reveal a collection of soils with distinct genomic signatures, characterized by coordinated changes in soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity and in bulk density and clay content that may ultimately reflect soil environments with high microbial activity. Genomic fingerprints for these soils highlight the importance of resource scavenging, plant-microbe interactions, fungi, and heterotrophic metabolisms. Across all analyses, we observed phylogenetic coherence in soil microbiomes –– more closely related microorganisms tended to move congruently in response to soil factors. Collectively, the genomic fingerprints uncovered here present a basis for global patterns in the microbial mechanisms underlying soil biogeochemistry and help beget tractable microbial reaction networks for incorporation into process-based models of soil carbon and nutrient cycling.ImportanceWe address a critical gap in our understanding of soil microorganisms and their functions, which have a profound impact on our environment. We analyzed 1512 global soils with advanced analytics to create detailed genetic profiles (fingerprints) of soil microbiomes. This reveals novel patterns in how these microorganisms are distributed across different soil environments. For instance, we discovered shifts in their potential to acquire nutrients in relation to soil acidity, as well as changes in stress responses and potential greenhouse gas emissions linked to soil density. We also identified soils with putative high activity that had unique genomic characteristics surrounding resource acquisition, plant-microbe interactions, and fungal activity. Finally, we observed that closely related microorganisms tend to respond in similar ways to changes in their surroundings. Our work is a significant step towards comprehending the intricate world of soil microorganisms and its role in the global climate.

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“…Gil et al [217] additionally found a positive correlation between N 2 O concentration and ammonium and CO 2 concentration and a negative one with nitrate concentration in the soil profile. Recently, bare peat sites on permafrost peatlands with high availability of inorganic N have also been identified as important sources of nitric oxide (NO, 1.42 ± 0.13 mg N m −2 d −1 ) and nitrous acid (HONO, 0.06 ± 0.02 mg N m −2 d −1 ) [255] (Table S1, Figure 4A). As with N 2 O, low emissions were detected from adjacent vegetated surfaces.…”

Section: Gaseous N Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiogeochemical Traits to Identify Nitrogen Hotspots in Permafrost Regions

et al. 2022

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Permafrost-affected tundra soils are large carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) reservoirs. However, N is largely bound in soil organic matter (SOM), and ecosystems generally have low N availability. Therefore, microbial induced N-cycling processes and N losses were considered negligible. Recent studies show that microbial N processing rates, inorganic N availability, and lateral N losses from thawing permafrost increase when vegetation cover is disturbed, resulting in reduced N uptake or increased N input from thawing permafrost. In this review, we describe currently known N hotspots, particularly bare patches in permafrost peatland or permafrost soils affected by thermokarst, and their microbiogeochemical characteristics, and present evidence for previously unrecorded N hotspots in the tundra. We summarize the current understanding of microbial N cycling processes that promote the release of the potent greenhouse gas (GHG) nitrous oxide (N2O) and the translocation of inorganic N from terrestrial into aquatic ecosystems. We suggest that certain soil characteristics and microbial traits can be used as indicators of N availability and N losses. Identifying N hotspots in permafrost soils is key to assessing the potential for N release from permafrost-affected soils under global warming, as well as the impact of increased N availability on emissions of carbon-containing GHGs.

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Emissions of atmospherically reactive gases nitrous acid and nitric oxide from Arctic permafrost peatlands

Cited by 11 publications

References 57 publications

Global and Regional Patterns of Soil Nitrous Acid Emissions and Their Acceleration of Rural Photochemical Reactions

Global and Regional Patterns of Soil Nitrous Acid Emissions and Their Acceleration of Rural Photochemical Reactions

Genomic fingerprints of the world’s soil ecosystems

Microbiogeochemical Traits to Identify Nitrogen Hotspots in Permafrost Regions

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