Global and Regional Patterns of Soil Nitrous Acid Emissions and Their Acceleration of Rural Photochemical Reactions

Wu, Dianming; Zhang, Jingwei; Wang, Mengdi; An, Junling; Wang, Ruhai; Haider, Haroon; Xu-Ri, --; Huang, Ye; Zhang, Qiang; Zhou, Feng; Tian, Hanqin; Zhang, Xiuying; Deng, Lingling; Pan, Yuepeng; Chen, Xi; Yu, Yuanchun; Hu, Chunsheng; Wang, Rui; Song, Yingwei; Gao, Zhiwei; Wang, Yue; Hou, Lijun; Liu, Min

doi:10.1029/2021jd036379

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The maximum emission of HONO in our national samples ranged from 0.2 to 484 ng m –2 s –1 . The range is wider than the range of five samples in Xinjiang (5–250 ng m –2 s –1 ) and of 35 samples in Shanghai (4–288 ng m –2 s –1 ), highlighting large variations of soil HONO emissions from the vast land of China. Resulting from the high N deposition in China, the maximum HONO emissions from forest soils in this study (range of 0.2–208 ng m –2 s –1 , mean of 50 ng m –2 s –1 ) are higher than those from forest soils in Germany (<1.2 ng m –2 s –1 ), Australia (<5 ng m –2 s –1 ), Suriname (<5 ng m –2 s –1 ), and Finland (0–1 ng m –2 s –1 ) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Soil emissions are an important source of reactive nitrogen (N) species in the atmosphere, which strongly influence atmospheric chemistry, air pollution, and climate. , It has long been known that soil microbial activities can emit nitric oxide (NO), which account for approximately 20% of total global emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO x ). − This can increase to 40% in agricultural regions during periods in which fertilizers are applied to soils, resulting in a significant increase in concentrations of NO x and ozone (O 3 ). − Recent research has revealed that similar soil microbial activities also emit nitrous acid (HONO). − Photolysis of HONO is an important source of hydroxyl radicals (•OH), which are the main atmospheric oxidant initiating the production of O 3 and secondary aerosols. However, few studies have quantified the HONO emissions of diverse soil types worldwide. ,,− The most comprehensive study thus far measured HONO and NO emissions from 17 soil samples collected from various regions worldwide, including five samples collected from the Xinjiang region in northwestern China …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is important to quantify soil background emissions and their effect on air quality. However, only two studies have measured HONO emissions from soils collected in China during nonfertilization periods: a study that examined soils collected from Xinjiang and a study that examined soils collected from Shanghai . There is an obvious need to quantify soil emissions of HONO and NO in vast regions of China with diverse soil properties and agricultural practices and to develop a process-based parametrization of HONO and NO emissions for model use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large Contribution of Nitrous Acid to Soil-Emitted Reactive Oxidized Nitrogen and Its Effect on Air Quality

Wang

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Soil emissions have long been recognized as an important source of nitric oxide (NO), which regulates atmospheric oxidative capacity and the production of air pollutants. Recent research has also indicated that nitrous acid (HONO) can be emitted in significant quantities from soil microbial activities. However, only a few studies have quantified emissions of HONO along with NO from a wide range of soil types. In this study, we measured emissions of HONO and NO from soil samples collected from 48 sites across China and found much higher emissions of HONO than of NO, especially for samples from northern China. We performed a meta-analysis of 52 field studies in China, which revealed that long-term fertilization increased the abundance of nitrite-producing genes much more than the abundance of NO-producing genes. This promotion effect was greater in northern China than in southern China. In simulations using a chemistry transport model with laboratory-derived parametrization, we found that HONO emissions had a greater effect than NO emissions on air quality. Moreover, we determined that with projected continuous reductions in anthropogenic emissions, the contribution from soils to maximum 1 h concentrations of hydroxyl radicals and ozone and daily average concentrations of particulate nitrate in the Northeast Plain will increase to 17%, 4.6%, and 14%, respectively. Our findings highlight the need to consider HONO in the assessment of the loss of reactive oxidized nitrogen from soils to the atmosphere and its effect on air quality.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large Contribution of Nitrous Acid to Soil-Emitted Reactive Oxidized Nitrogen and Its Effect on Air Quality

Wang

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…One approach to identify these for CO 2 fluxes used an artificial intelligence approach with pairs of eddy covariance sites at differing distances (Reed et al, 2021). Wu et al (2022) evaluated bottom-up scaling across multiple products for global soil nitrous acid (HONO) emissions. Levy et al (2022) reviewed the key challenges for upscaling when it comes to the UK greenhouse gas program and finds an essential role for uncertainty propagation, a factor also evaluated for gross primary productivity upscaling by Xie et al (2022).…”

Section: A Scale For All Silosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wu et al. (2022) evaluated bottom‐up scaling across multiple products for global soil nitrous acid (HONO) emissions. Levy et al.…”

Section: A Scale For All Silosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling Land‐Atmosphere Interactions: Special or Fundamental?

et al. 2022

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Viewed from billions of kilometers away in space, Earth appears as a single "Pale Blue Dot," in the immortalized phrase of Carl Sagan bestowed upon the image taken by the Voyager 1 space probe. Coming closer, though, a sharper image emerges (Figure 1).One finds structure to that dot, shades of green and brown continents, a dark ocean, a bright cryosphere, and a hazy, thin blue atmosphere. Zooming further in, those components break into patterns of mountains and rivers, seas and bays, forests and grasslands, layers, and cloud decks. And getting closer, one finds each component has oscillations and variations of branches and rivulets, canyons and plateaus, currents and coastlines. These objects keep revealing more structure in finer, often self-similar form, like Mandelbrot's fractals, down to eddies and organisms, and further into leaves, cells, enzymes, molecules, and atoms.And then, if you wait seconds, days, decades, or eons, landscape patterns change. Bigger things typically take longer than smaller ones. As a result, the pattern changes-sometimes occurring slowly and subtly, ebbing and flowing in an oscillatory manner, or they can occur quickly and abruptly, morphing into a new state of order.Each element and its dynamics come with variations in space and time that can be encompassed by the concept of scale. Earth systems science is preoccupied with the interactions of these elements, which cannot be understood without a stipulation of the scales of interest (Ge et al., 2019). The most straightforward of these interactions are ones where common processes at all scales can be defined by a single relationship, often a power-law, leading to the concept of scale invariance (Paleri et al., 2022). The most interesting interactions are the ones that break those rules and lead to "upscale" and "downscale" behavior, whereby processes at one scale determine the shape and function of another scale. These are most common at the intersections of biology, hydrology, geology, and meteorology, often within what is termed the "critical zone." This interlocking also harkens to the origins of

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Concurrent measurements of atmospheric ammonia concentrations in the megacities of Beijing and Shanghai by using cavity ring-down spectroscopy

Sun

et al. 2023

Atmospheric Environment

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Global and Regional Patterns of Soil Nitrous Acid Emissions and Their Acceleration of Rural Photochemical Reactions

Cited by 13 publications

References 90 publications

Large Contribution of Nitrous Acid to Soil-Emitted Reactive Oxidized Nitrogen and Its Effect on Air Quality

Large Contribution of Nitrous Acid to Soil-Emitted Reactive Oxidized Nitrogen and Its Effect on Air Quality

Scaling Land‐Atmosphere Interactions: Special or Fundamental?

Concurrent measurements of atmospheric ammonia concentrations in the megacities of Beijing and Shanghai by using cavity ring-down spectroscopy

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