Emission and profile characteristic of volatile organic compounds emitted from coke production, iron smelt, heating station and power plant in Liaoning Province, China

Shi, Jianwu; Deng, Hao; Zhang, Bai; Kong, Shaofei; Wang, Xiuyan; Hao, Jiming; Han, Xinyu; Ning, Ping

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.034

Cited by 121 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Applying the source profile of paint use measured by Zheng et al (2013) led to enhanced ethylacetate. Reduced benzene and methylbenzene, and elevated ethyl benzene and xylene resulted mainly from the revisions on source profiles of cooking (Jia et al, 2009;Shi et al, 2015) and solvent use (H. Wang et al, 2014b;Zheng et al, 2013). Although incremental information on speciation was obtained through the on-site measurements and source profile updating in current work, domestic data were still lacking for many source types, given the big variety of source categories for industrial process and solvent use.…”

Section: Changes In Speciation Of Nmvoc Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…2.1. Chemical profiles from the most recent domestic measurements were taken for other sources including iron and steel (Shi et al, 2015;He et al, 2005;Jia et al, 2009;Tsai et al, 2008;Li et al, 2014), paint and printing ink production (Zheng et al, 2013) and refineries (Liu et al, 2008;Wei et al, 2014). For sources without sufficient local tests (e.g., food and wine production), results from foreign studies were applied including the SPECIATE database by USEPA (2014) and Theloke and Friedirch (2007).…”

Section: Industrial Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved provincial emission inventory and speciation profiles of anthropogenic non-methane volatile organic compounds: a case study for Jiangsu, China

et al. 2017

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Non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) are the key precursors of ozone (O 3 ) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Accurate estimation of their emissions plays a crucial role in air quality simulation and policy making. We developed a high-resolution anthropogenic NMVOC emission inventory for Jiangsu in eastern China from 2005 to 2014, based on detailed information of individual local sources and field measurements of source profiles of the chemical industry. A total of 56 NMVOCs samples were collected in nine chemical plants and were then analyzed with a gas chromatography -mass spectrometry system (GC-MS). Source profiles of stack emissions from synthetic rubber, acetate fiber, polyether, vinyl acetate and ethylene production, and those of fugitive emissions from ethylene, butanol and octanol, propylene epoxide, polyethylene and glycol production were obtained. Various manufacturing technologies and raw materials led to discrepancies in source profiles between our domestic field tests and foreign results for synthetic rubber and ethylene production. The provincial NMVOC emissions were calculated to increase from 1774 Gg in 2005 to 2507 Gg in 2014, and relatively large emission densities were found in cities along the Yangtze River with developed economies and industries. The estimates were larger than those from most other available inventories, due mainly to the complete inclusion of emission sources and to the elevated activity levels from plant-by-plant investigation in this work. Industrial processes and solvent use were the largest contributing sectors, and their emissions were estimated to increase, respectively, from 461 to 958 and from 38 to 966 Gg. Alkanes, aromatics and oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) were the most important species, accounting for 25.9-29.9, 20.8-23.2 and 18.2-21.0 % to annual total emissions, respectively. Quantified with a Monte Carlo simulation, the uncertainties of annual NMVOC emissions vary slightly through the years, and the result for 2014 was −41 to +93 %, expressed as 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Reduced uncertainty was achieved compared to previous national and regional inventories, attributed partly to the detailed classification of emission sources and to the use of information at plant level in this work. Discrepancies in emission estimation were explored for the chemical and refinery sectors with various data sources and methods. Compared with the Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC), the spatial distribution of emissions in this work were more influenced by the locations of large point sources, and smaller emissions were found in urban area for developed cities in southern Jiangsu. In addition,Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 7734Y. Zhao et al.: Improved provincial NMVOC emission inventory discrepancies were found between this work and MEIC in the speciation of NMVOC emissions under the atmospheric chemistry mechanisms CB05 and SAPRC99. The difference in species OLE1 resulted mainly from th...

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Section: Changes In Speciation Of Nmvoc Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Industrial Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved provincial emission inventory and speciation profiles of anthropogenic non-methane volatile organic compounds: a case study for Jiangsu, China

et al. 2017

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“…Moreover, coke oven workers might also be exposed to VOCs emitted during destructive distillation. Indeed, a certain number of studies assessed the exposure to VOCs in coke oven workers quantifying their levels in workplace and breathing zone air, with overall levels ranging from 22.6 µg/m 3 to 2.17 mg/m 3 [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Only a few studies performed biomonitoring of VOC metabolites in coke oven workers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Mercapturic Acids to Assess Exposure to Benzene and Other Volatile Organic Compounds in Coke Oven Workers

Frigerio

Campo

Mercadante

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Coke production was classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Besides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, coke oven workers may be exposed to benzene and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The aim of this study was to assess the exposure to several VOCs in 49 coke oven workers and 49 individuals living in the same area by determining urinary mercapturic acids. Active tobacco smoking was an exclusion criterion for both groups. Mercapturic acids were investigated by a validated isotopic dilution LC-MS/MS method. Linear models were built to correct for different confounding variables. Urinary levels of N-acetyl-S-phenyl-L-cysteine (SPMA) (metabolite of benzene), N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxy-1/2-phenylethyl)-L-cysteine (PHEMA) (metabolite of styrene), N-acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)-L-cysteine (CEMA) (metabolite of acrylonitrile), N-acetyl-S-[1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propen-1-yl)-L-cysteine and N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxy-3-buten-1-yl)-L-cysteine (MHBMA) (metabolites of 1,3-butadiene) were 2–10 fold higher in workers than in controls (p < 0.05). For SPMA, in particular, median levels were 0.02 and 0.31 µg/g creatinine in workers and controls, respectively. Among workers, coke makers were more exposed to PHEMA and SPMA than foremen and engine operators. The comparison with biological limit values shows that the exposure of workers was within 20% of the limit values for all biomarkers, moreover three subjects exceeded the restrictive occupational limit value recently proposed by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) for SPMA.

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“…The range of these activities is wide and varied, and includes among others the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, but also glass, pulp and paper; cement, and lime industries, waste treatment, and metallurgical industries including coke plants which are known to be the source of a huge number of various inorganic and organic chemicals. Over 100 volatile organic compounds have already been identified in coke production emission, and over 400 chemicals in coal tars while as many as 10 000 are expected to be present .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Tiered Methodology for the Determination of Ambient Air Quality Guidelines

Pirard

Brouhon²,

Fourmeaux³

et al. 2016

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Within the scope of the renewal of industrial operating permits in Belgium, the Walloon Agency for Air and Climate needed air quality criteria for a wide range of toxics. Due to the plethora of different existing values for some compounds or the total lack for others, the development of a simple methodology was required to provide both quality and intervention criteria, corresponding respectively to a chemical concentration for which no adverse health effects are expected for a lifetime exposure, and the chemical concentration in air associated with a risk for human health deemed significant. The tiered methodology developed here allows the selection of air guidelines from available databases, and proposes, if needed, approaches based on wellproven procedures to derive air quality guidelines from occupational exposure limits, drinking water guidelines, tolerable daily intakes, or as a last resort acute lethal toxicity data if nothing else is available. If this method has been successfully applied to more than 550 compounds, all values produced should be validated according to the purpose of the guidelines, the technical feasibility of achieving the threshold produced, and the specificity of the environment conditions and the targeted population. Moreover, the criteria obtained from non-air-related data should be critically examined and handled with caution.

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Emission and profile characteristic of volatile organic compounds emitted from coke production, iron smelt, heating station and power plant in Liaoning Province, China

Cited by 121 publications

References 62 publications

Improved provincial emission inventory and speciation profiles of anthropogenic non-methane volatile organic compounds: a case study for Jiangsu, China

Improved provincial emission inventory and speciation profiles of anthropogenic non-methane volatile organic compounds: a case study for Jiangsu, China

Urinary Mercapturic Acids to Assess Exposure to Benzene and Other Volatile Organic Compounds in Coke Oven Workers

A Simple Tiered Methodology for the Determination of Ambient Air Quality Guidelines

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