Emisión De Metano Y Óxido Nitroso De Los Sedimentos De Manglar De La Ciénaga Grande De Santa Marta, Caribe Colombiano

Abstract

In Colombia there is little information on the role of mangroves in relation to greenhouse gases (GHG), their release rates under different environmental conditions, or their role in the global carbon cycle. For these reasons, in this study we evaluated the fluxes of CH4 and N2O, in four sectors of the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM) with different degrees of conservation of mangrove forests, to determine their role as a source or sink of GHG. The fluxes were measured by the method of the static chambers and showed variations between 34.7-1179.7 and nd-31569.2 μg.m-2.h-1 for N2O and CH4, respectively, showing that mangrove sediments of CGSM are a net source of GHG, and furthermore are of the same magnitude as levels recorded world-wide in mangroves subjected to sewage input. Statistical analyses showed differences between sectors but not between climatic periods. N2O emissions were highest in the Agua Negras station (AN, 847.3 ± 265.7 μg.m-2.h-1), a locality in the process of natural regeneration with a direct influence from the Magdalena River and in Caño Dragado (CD, 438.7 ± 235.3 μg.m-2.h-1); while emissions were lower in the recovery sites Caño Grande (CG) and Rinconada (RIN), (104.7 ± 49.4 and 152.1 ± 36.0 μg.m-2.h-1, respectively). The highest CH4 emission was recorded in recovery sectors: CG and AN (9573.4 ± 8623.8 and 4328.2 ± 7569.5 μg.m-2.h-1, respectively). In terms of CO2-equivalent, N2O emissions account for over 50% of the total, and this has been documented for agricultural systems and constitutes evidence of deterioration of CD. A correlation analysis with environmental factors showed that N2O emissions vary inversely with salinity and positively with nitrites, suggesting production mainly via nitrification. Finally, a coarse estimation of GHG emissions per hectare indicated that, depending on the state of conservation or deterioration of the mangrove, emissions can vary from 10.2 to 27.1 tCO2-eq.ha-1.a-1.

Bacterial communities in sediments of an urban wetland in Bogota, Colombia

“…In contrast, the features driving bacterial N 2 O cycling in tropical wetlands remain largely unexplored. In Colombia, N 2 O in mangrove sediments reaches flux levels of 1179:7 µg m 2 h 1 in the Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta [7] and 5:63 µg m 2 h 1 in lake Sonso [8]. A recent study has recorded a net N 2 O consumption of up to 0:040 ng g 1 d 1 at the Santa María del Lago Wetland (SML) within Bogota's urban area [9].…”

Análisis físico-químico y fitoplanctónico de la ciénaga Puerto Caimán, vertiente Caribe, Colombia

“…En Colombia, las investigaciones relacionadas con lagunas costeras se han centrado principalmente en el departamento del Magdalena, ya que en este se encuentra la laguna costera más grande e importante del país: la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta. Por lo tanto, la dinámica de esta en muchos aspectos biológicos-ecológicos es bien conocida (e. g., Mancera y Mendo, 1996;Betancourt-Portela et al, 2013;Jaramillo et al, 2018). Entretanto, en el departamento del Atlántico, el interés por los ecosistemas con características estuarinas ha estado restringido en su mayoría a la ciénaga de Mallorquín (Díaz et al, 2014;Mangones-Cervantes, 2014) a pesar de que existen otros cuerpos de agua con características similares como la ciénaga de Balboa, la ciénaga de los Manatíes, la ciénaga de Puerto Caimán, entre otras.…”