Emerging Roles of Micrornas in Veterinary Cardiology

Reis-Ferreira, Ana; Neto-Mendes, Joana; Brás-Silva, Carmen; Lobo, Lurdes; Fontes-Sousa, Ana Patrícia

doi:10.3390/vetsci9100533

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 116 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…Changes in microRNA profiles are believed to be detectable earlier than standard diagnostic tests, making them attractive markers for diagnosis of certain diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. Investigations into the clinical usefulness of miRNA in cardiovascular diseases have been performed and are encouraging (Reis‐Ferreira and others 2022). A new miRNA test by MI: RNA Diagnostics (NEMO * Test) has become available with a sensitivity and specificity of 87 per cent and 76 per cent, respectively, in detecting cardiac disease in both cats and dogs.…”

Section: Emerging Biomarker – Micrornasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpreting cardiac biomarkers in small animal practice

Bode,

Lau

2023

In Practice

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Background: Cardiac troponin‐I (cTnI) and N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) are two cardiac biomarkers readily available on the market. These two biomarkers are useful diagnostic tools used in the right setting: differentiating cardiac and non‐cardiac causes of respiratory distress and providing prognosis prediction. However, these tests have their limitations and their results should be interpreted with these limitations in mind.Aim of the article: This article reviews the available evidence around the physiology of cTnI and NT‐proBNP – the commercially available assays – and discusses their indications, limitations and result interpretation for each biomarker. The emerging biomarker, microRNA, is also briefly discussed.

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Section: Emerging Biomarker – Micrornasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpreting cardiac biomarkers in small animal practice

Bode,

Lau

2023

In Practice

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“…Found in tissue (e.g. heart valves) 12 , within exosomes (microvesicles) or circulating cell-free in plasma 13 , they have received increasing recognition for their potential role in veterinary cardiology 14 . Linked to numerous biological processes, they can be altered in various pathophysiological processes, making them ideal biomarkers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of blood microRNA expression patterns by predictive classification algorithms can diagnose myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs

Palarea-Albaladejo,

Bode,

Partington

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease (MMVD) is a commonly presenting and progressive cardiac pathology in dogs, and early medical intervention can delay progression. Current cardiac biomarkers can be useful in advanced clinical MMVD cases, but are unreliable in pre-clinical disease. Objectives: Assessment of canine serum and plasma expression profiles of 15 miRNA markers as a method to accurately discriminate MMVD patients from healthy controls. Additionally, an assessment of the same method to discriminate pre-clinical (stage B1/B2) from clinical (stage C/D) MMVD patients. Animals: Client-owned dogs (n = 123) were recruited. Following sample exclusions (n=26), healthy controls (n=50) and MMVD cases (n=47) were analyzed Methods: Multicenter, cross-sectional, retrospective investigation. MicroRNA expression profiles were compared between dogs, and the performance of predictive modelling to distinguish healthy controls from MMVD patients, and pre-clinical from clinical MMVD patients was evaluated. Results: Analysis of miRNA expression patterns by predictive classification algorithms could differentiate healthy controls from dogs with MMVD (sensitivity 0.85; specificity 0.82; accuracy; 0.83). Discrimination of pre-clinical (n=29) from clinical (n=18) MMVD cases resulted in promising results (sensitivity 0.61; specificity 0.79; accuracy 0.73). The method also compared advantageously to current biomarkers in a limited population. Conclusions and clinical importance: The analysis of miRNA expression profiles by probabilistic predictive classification algorithms provides a useful diagnostic tool to distinguish healthy controls from MMVD cases (stage B1 to D). Discrimination between pre-clinical and clinical MMVD cases by the same method yielded promising results, which could be further enhanced with an increased study population.

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“…However, processing of exosomal miRNAs is not standardized yet, so a better consistency in the sample processing is still needed. For this reason, quantification of plasma miRNAs is preferable, at present [ 23 ]. In 2018, the expression of circulating miRNAs via genome-wide sequencing through the enrolment of 17 dogs of various breeds (8 dogs with congestive heart failure secondary to MMVD and 9 age-matched healthy dogs) was profiled by sequencing and qPCR validation [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the study of microRNAs (miRNAs)as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for the detection of disease increased [8]. They are short non-coding RNA molecules (21)(22)(23)(24)(25) nucleotides in size) found in plants, animals and some viruses, that regulate post-transcriptional silencing of target genes involved in pathophysiologic conditions in many mammalian species [9][10][11][12][13][14][15], including cardiovascular diseases [16,17]. In human medicine, plasma and serum miRNAs are currently being intensively investigated and specific miRNA expression patterns have been reported for various cardiovascular diseases [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective pilot study on the predictive significance of plasma miR-30b-5p through the study of echocardiographic modifications in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels affected by different stages of myxomatous mitral valve disease: The PRIME study

et al. 2022

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Specific microRNAs expressions may accurately characterize different stages of canine myxomatous mitral valve disease. This preliminary pilot study aimed to (1) describe the clinical and echocardiographic parameters of Cavalier King Charles Spaniels affected by myxomatous mitral valve disease at different American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) stages (B1, B2 and C) and healthy control group (ACVIM A), comparing the parameters collected during the first examination (T0) and the end of the follow-up (T1); (2) assess the association between the values of echocardiographic parameters at T1 and the expression profile of miR-30b-5p at T0. Thirty-five Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (median age 4.29 years and median weight 9 Kg) in different ACVIM stages were included (7 A, 19 B1, 6 B2 and 3 C). Inverse probability weighting analysis was performed to estimate the association of the exposure variable (miR-30b-5p) with the outcome variables (clinical and echocardiographic variables). Time was included as variable. The results pointed out that high levels of plasma miR-30b-5p corresponded to lower values of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter normalized for body weight, end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes indexed for body weight, and left atrium-to aortic root ratio. Hence, higher miR-30b-5p expressions were associated with milder forms of mitral valve disease in our study population. In contrast, the results obtained for the intensity of heart murmur, the mitral regurgitation severity, and the Mitral INsufficiency Echocardiographic score) were not statistically significant. A relationship between high abundance of miR-30b-5p and myxomatous mitral valve disease that appear echocardiographically more stable over time has been demonstrated. In conclusion, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels affected by myxomatous mitral valve disease that at the first cardiologic evaluation showed an upregulation of miR-30b-5p are expected to experience lesser variations on their echocardiographic examination between T0 and T1.

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Emerging Roles of Micrornas in Veterinary Cardiology

Cited by 5 publications

References 116 publications

Interpreting cardiac biomarkers in small animal practice

Interpreting cardiac biomarkers in small animal practice

Assessment of blood microRNA expression patterns by predictive classification algorithms can diagnose myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs

Prospective pilot study on the predictive significance of plasma miR-30b-5p through the study of echocardiographic modifications in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels affected by different stages of myxomatous mitral valve disease: The PRIME study

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