Emerging Partnerships Between Mental Health and Law Enforcement

Deane, Martha Williams; Steadman, Henry J.; Borum, Randy; Veysey, Bonita M.; Morrissey, J

doi:10.1176/ps.50.1.99

Cited by 231 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…In the meantime, our findings may have implications for similar services. There are various police mental health response models that can be classified as follows 25 : police-based specialized police models; police-based specialized mental health models; and mental health-based specialized mental health models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Controlled Before-and-after Evaluation of a Mobile Crisis Partnership between Mental Health and Police Services in Nova Scotia

et al. 2010

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W La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, vol 55, no 10, octobre 2010 662Objectives: Police are often the front-line response to people experiencing mental health crises. This study examined the impact of an integrated mobile crisis team formed in partnership between mental health services, municipal police, and emergency health services. The service offered short-term crisis management, with mobile interventions being attended by a plainclothes police officer and a mental health professional. Methods:We used a mixed-methods design encompassing: a controlled before-and-after quantitative comparison of the intervention area with a control area without access to such a service, for 1 year before and 2 years after program implementation; and qualitative assessments of the views of service recipients, families, police officers, and health staff at baseline and 2 years afterward. Results:The integrated service resulted in increased use by people in crisis, families, and service partners (for example, from 464 to 1666 service recipients per year). Despite increased service use, time spent on-scene and call-to-door time were reduced. At year 2, the time spent on-scene by police (136 minutes) was significantly lower than in the control area (165 minutes) (Student t test = 3.4, df = 1649, P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, people seen by the integrated team (n = 295) showed greater engagement than control subjects as measured by outpatient contacts (b = 1.3, c 2 = 92.7, df = 1, P < 0.001). The service data findings were supported by the qualitative results of focus groups and interviews. Conclusions:Partnerships between the police department and mental health system can improve collaboration, efficiency, and the treatment of people with mental illness.Can J Psychiatry. 2010;55(10):662-668. Clinical Implications· The introduction of an integrated mobile crisis service involving clinicians and police officers was associated with improved response times in spite of an increased use by patients, families, and service partners. · Patients in contact with the mobile crisis service showed greater subsequent engagement with treatment than control subjects as measured by increased outpatient contacts. · Partnerships between the police and mental health system can improve collaboration, efficiency, and the treatment of people with mental illness. Limitations· We used routinely collected health and police administrative data for the quantitative analyses, which are subject to recording bias. · Qualitative data add more depth and insight to quantitative findings but may not be generalizable, or applicable, to the larger population. · We were unable to measure the effect on admissions to hospital.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Controlled Before-and-after Evaluation of a Mobile Crisis Partnership between Mental Health and Police Services in Nova Scotia

et al. 2010

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“…Different strategies have been developed to provide a mobile team of police, mental health professionals, or both to respond to persons with mental illness in the community who are in crisis (42,43). Many jurisdictions use sworn police officers who have special mental health training to provide crisis intervention services and to act as liaisons to the mental health system (44).…”

Section: Mobile Crisis Teamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another strategy that police departments use is one in which mental health consultants who are not police officers are hired by the police department (42). These consultants provide on-site and telephone consultations to officers in the field.…”

Section: Mobile Crisis Teamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These consultants provide on-site and telephone consultations to officers in the field. Another widely accepted strategy uses psychiatric emergency teams of mental health professionals who are part of the local community mental health service system but have developed a special arrangement with the police department to respond to special needs at the site of an incident (42).…”

Section: Mobile Crisis Teamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Police and Mental Health

Lamb¹,

Weinberger²,

DeCuir³

2002

366

258

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With deinstitutionalization and the influx into the community of persons with severe mental illness, the police have become frontline professionals who manage these persons when they are in crisis. This article examines and comments on the issues raised by this phenomenon as it affects both the law enforcement and mental health systems. Two common-law principles provide the rationale for the police to take responsibility for persons with mental illness: their power and authority to protect the safety and welfare of the community, and their parens patriae obligations to protect individuals with disabilities. The police often fulfill the role of gatekeeper in deciding whether a person with mental illness who has come to their attention should enter the mental health system or the criminal justice system. Criminalization may result if this role is not performed appropriately. The authors describe a variety of mobile crisis teams composed of police, mental health professionals, or both. The need for police officers to have training in recognizing mental illness and knowing how to access mental health resources is emphasized. Collaboration between the law enforcement and mental health systems is crucial, and the very different areas of expertise of each should be recognized and should not be confused.

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“…Les patients psychiatriques ont été condamnés à subir un éventail de « droits bafoués » -victimisation, criminalisation et incarcération (ArboledaFlórez, 2006) -dont l'urgence exige souvent plus d'interventions des psychiatres légistes, dans un contexte hybride de droit et de psychiatrie. Des « tribunaux en santé mentale » apparaissent, par exemple, dans plusieurs grandes villes d'Amérique du Nord et de Grande-Bretagne (Deane, 1999). Ainsi, les échecs du système de santé mentale et les questions légales semblent avoir donné une importance grandissante à la psychiatrie médico-légale (Arboleda-Flórez, 2004).…”

Section: Lois Et Systèmes En Santé Mentaleunclassified

Psychiatrie médico-légale. Envergure, responsabilités éthiques et conflits de valeurs

Arboleda‐Flórez

Weisstub

2007

smq

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Quand une spécialité chevauche plusieurs systèmes, on ne peut traiter d’éthique sans discuter des valeurs et des règles de décision à la base de chacun de ces systèmes. Par ses multiples associations, la psychiatrie médico-légale est un archétype d’une telle spécialité ; elle opère au sein d’un ensemble de valeurs qui peuvent sembler antithétiques, voire irréconciliables en regard d’autres aspects de la psychiatrie. L’action de la psychiatrie médico-légale a pris une envergure considérable, et ses praticiens doivent adopter d’autres vues sur le monde et appliquer des règles de décision qui peuvent heurter les valeurs classiques et les considérations éthiques de la médecine (Weisstub, 1980). Après un bref historique, les auteurs passent en revue l’étendue de l’action de la psychiatrie médico-légale vue comme fondement de sa définition. Les concepts, thèmes et controverses relativement à l’éthique de cette spécialité sont examinés à la lumière des questions soulevées dans la pratique actuelle.To write about ethics in specialties that straddle the lines of multiple systems cannnot be done without discussing values and decisional rules that underlie each one of those systems. By virtue of its multiple associations, forensic psychiatry is an archetype of such specialties ; it works within a set of values that might be viewed as antithetical, even irreconcilable, with other aspects of psychiatry. The extensive scope of action of forensic psychiatry compels its practitioners to hold alternate world views and to apply decisional rules that may clash with the classical values and ethical considerations of medicine (Weisstub, 1980). In this article, following an historical précis, the authors review the scope of action of forensic psychiatry as the basis for the definition of this subspecialty. The concepts, themes and controversies pertaining to the ethical practice of this specialty will be reflected upon in the light of issues encountered in actual practice.Cuando una especialidad compete a varios sistemas, no se puede tratar de etiqueta sin discutir los valores y las reglas de decisión a la base de cada uno de estos sistemas. Por sus múltiples asociaciones, la psiquiatría medico-legal es un arquetipo de este tipo de especialidad; ésta opera en el seno de un conjunto de valores que pueden parecer antitéticos, es decir, irreconciliables con respecto a otros aspectos de la psiquiatría. La actividad de la psiquiatría medico-legal ha tomado una envergadura considerable y los que la practican deben adoptar otros puntos de vista sobre el mundo y aplicar las reglas de decisión que pueden chocar contra los valores clásicos y las consideraciones éticas de la medicina (Weisstub, 1980). Después de un breve resumen histórico, los autores revisan la amplitud de acción de la psiquiatría médico-legal vista como fundamento de su definición. Los conceptos, temas y controversias relacionados con la ética de esta especialidad se examinan a la luz de las preguntas que surgen en la práctica actual.Quando uma especialidade sobrepõe vários si...

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Emerging Partnerships Between Mental Health and Law Enforcement

Cited by 231 publications

References 8 publications

A Controlled Before-and-after Evaluation of a Mobile Crisis Partnership between Mental Health and Police Services in Nova Scotia

A Controlled Before-and-after Evaluation of a Mobile Crisis Partnership between Mental Health and Police Services in Nova Scotia

The Police and Mental Health

Psychiatrie médico-légale. Envergure, responsabilités éthiques et conflits de valeurs

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