Emerging Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification-Based Microchip and Microdevice Technologies for Nucleic Acid Detection

Abstract

Rapid, sensitive, and selective pathogen detection is of paramount importance in infectious disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Currently available diagnostic assays based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are time-consuming, complex, and relatively expensive, thus limiting their utility in resource-limited settings. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique has been used extensively in the development of rapid and sensitive diagnostic assays for pathogen detection and nucleic acid analysis and hold great promise for revolutionizing point-of-care molecular diagnostics. Here, we review novel LAMP-based lab-on-a-chip (LOC) diagnostic assays developed for pathogen detection over the past several years. We review various LOC platforms based on their design strategies for pathogen detection and discuss LAMP-based platforms still in development and already in the commercial pipeline. This review is intended as a guide to the use of LAMP techniques in LOC platforms for molecular diagnostics and genomic amplifications.

Paper-based analytical devices for clinical diagnosis: recent advances in the fabrication techniques and sensing mechanisms

“…Around 5.8 billion people worldwide live in settings categorized as low and middle income [1] and do not have access to the expensive medical facilities required for current immunoassays and other disease detection technologies [2,3]. Therefore, it is very important to develop inexpensive and portable point-of-care (POC) devices that can provide rapid and accurate results.…”

A novel, sensitive and label-free loop-mediated isothermal amplification detection method for nucleic acids using luminophore dyes

“…Therefore, this method is likely to facilitate various new and improved biosensor applications, both in biomedical and molecular diagnostics. The simplicity of the LAMP method and the easy fabrication of the ECL system combined hold significant potential for incorporation into point-of-care devices for food and clinical safety in low-resource areas, which could incorporate chip types constructed from different materials such as paper and plastics to make it even more cost-effective (Maxwell et al, 2013;Liana et al, 2013;Hu et al, 2013;Safavieh et al, 2016;Ahmed et al, 2015). Overall, the main advantage of the system described here is the faster detection, minimal instruments and consumption of less reagents.…”

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP): a versatile technique for detection of micro-organisms

“…As LAMP advances, it can be made into a portable device to ease transportation to the site of diagnosis, for example, the diagnosis of the Ebola virus and food-borne pathogens (Uddin et al 2015;Kurosaki et al 2016;Safavieh et al 2016). On top of that, LAMP can amplify RNA with high efficiency by using reverse transcriptase (Mori et al 2001;Nagamine et al 2002;Dukes et al 2006).…”