Emerging Limb Rehabilitation Therapy After Post-stroke Motor Recovery

Abstract

Stroke, including hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, refers to the blood supply disorder in the local brain tissue for various reasons (aneurysm, occlusion, etc.). It leads to regional brain circulation imbalance, neurological complications, limb motor dysfunction, aphasia, and depression. As the second-leading cause of death worldwide, stroke poses a significant threat to human life characterized by high mortality, disability, and recurrence. Therefore, the clinician has to care about the symptoms of stroke patients in the acute stage and formulate an effective postoperative rehabilitation plan to facilitate the recovery in patients. We summarize a novel application and update of the rehabilitation therapy in limb motor rehabilitation of stroke patients to provide a potential future stroke rehabilitation strategy.

Potential Benefits of Music Therapy on Stroke Rehabilitation

“…Motor dysfunction is one of the most common complications following stroke, which manifests as numbness and weakness of the limbs and even paralysis or spasms [ 13 , 52 ]. Motor dysfunction can seriously affect the quality of life and social participation of stroke patients.…”

“…Music therapy is a systematic treatment method that utilizes music elements as an intervention to improve patients' neurological function and mood status [ 11 , 12 ]. Many studies have applied music therapy during rehabilitation of stroke, which has led to the achievement of a good effect [ 13 , 14 ]. Due to its safety, it is low cost, convenient, simple, and easy to implement.…”

Consolation Management Aesthetics Within Holistic Nursing

“…Exploring music in its various forms can be a vital part of holistic nurses' efforts to rehabilitate and comfort patients dealing with adversities such as stroke. 25,26 Moreover, like love and sorrow, music has the power to change the way the patient perceives the world; in this way, music and mood are linked. The use of guided imagery music serves as an example in this regard.…”

Can specific virtual reality combined with conventional rehabilitation improve poststroke hand motor function? A randomized clinical trial

“…Various therapies based on a conventional approach have been demonstrated to be useful, achieving good results in terms of hand rehabilitation: motor imagery training seems to improve the precision and accuracy of movement, as well as the reception of sensory signals, by fostering activation of dormant synapses and accelerating reperfusion of the ischemic penumbra [ 21 ]. Mirror therapy can reduce asymmetric hemisphere activation, stimulate the primary motor cortex in both the lesioned (ipsilateral) hemisphere and the opposite (contralateral) hemisphere, widely activate the mirror neuron system and induce partial pathways for motor neurons on the side affected by stroke, which facilitates the remodeling of brain function [ 22 , 23 ]. Constraint-induced movement therapy focuses on intensive, gradual training of the paretic upper limb to improve its use in specific tasks, limit the use of the less affected upper limb, and, in the context of behavior-changing methods for improving adherence, transfer the clinical achievements into the patient’s real life [ 24 ] by relating the therapeutic intervention components to the improvement of motor function and the use and skill of the paretic hand in daily life [ 25 ].…”