Emerging Animal-Associated Fungal Diseases

Abstract

The Global Action Fund for Fungal Infections (GAFFI) estimates that fungal diseases kill around 150 people each hour, and yet they are globally overlooked and neglected. Histoplasma and Talaromyces, which are associated with wildlife, cause systemic infections that are often lethal in patients with impaired cellular immunity. Dermatophytes that cause outbreaks in human hosts are often associated with domesticated animals. Changes in human behavior have been identified as a main cause of the emergence of animal-associated fungal diseases in humans, sometimes caused by the disturbance of natural habitats. An understanding of ecology and the transmission modes of causative agents is therefore essential. Here, we focus on fungal diseases contracted from wildlife and domesticated animals, their habitats, feces and carcasses. We discuss some basic fungal lifestyles and the risk of transmission to humans and illustrate these with examples from emerging and established diseases.

Hyaluronic Acid-Based CuS Nanoenzyme Biodegradable Microneedles for Treating Deep Cutaneous Fungal Infection without Drug Resistance

“…Fungal diseases are reported to affect about one billion people and result in over 1.5 million deaths worldwide each year. , Fungal skin and soft tissue infections have been recognized as the fourth most common health disorder worldwide . Deep cutaneous fungal infection (DCFI) faces great challenges in its treatment because it is difficult for drugs to reach the lesions.…”