Emerging 2D MXenes for supercapacitors: status, challenges and prospects

Hu, Minmin; Zhang, Hui; Hu, Tao; Fan, Bingbing; Wang, Xiaohui; Li, Zhenjiang

doi:10.1039/d0cs00175a

Cited by 505 publications

(252 citation statements)

References 227 publications

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“…[ 4 , 5 ] Two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have gradually become potential electrode materials in supercapacitor due to their built‐in electronic properties, large specific surface area, and abundant electrochemical active sites. [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ] But these promising properties often come at a cost: different from the assembly of zero‐dimensional (0D) or one‐dimensional (1D) materials, 2D materials as electrodes tend to lie flat on the substrate and assemble into a compact‐stacking structure, resulting in highly tortuous ion pathways orthogonal to the current collector, which impede ion transport and cause sluggish kinetic. [ 10 ] Therefore, two main strategies have been proposed to address the self‐restacking issue: 1) expanding the interlayer space by introducing the intercalated pre‐pillaring agent and 2) designing ordered or porous three‐dimendional (3D) structure using 2D flakes as the building blocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi‐Scale Structural Engineering Strategy for High‐Performance MXene Hydrogel Supercapacitor Electrode

et al. 2021

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MXenes as an emerging two-dimensional (2D) material have attracted tremendous interest in electrochemical energy-storage systems such as supercapacitors. Nevertheless, 2D MXene flakes intrinsically tend to lie flat on the substrate when self-assembling as electrodes, leading to the highly tortuous ion pathways orthogonal to the current collector and hindering ion accessibility. Herein, a facile strategy toward multi-scale structural engineering is proposed to fabricate high-performance MXene hydrogel supercapacitor electrodes. By unidirectional freezing of the MXene slurry followed by a designed thawing process in the sulfuric acid electrolyte, the hydrogel electrode is endowed with a three-dimensional (3D) open macrostructure impregnated with sufficient electrolyte and H + -intercalated microstructure, which provide abundant active sites for ion storage. Meanwhile, the ordered channels bring through-electrode ion and electron transportation pathways that facilitate electrolyte infiltration and mass exchange between electrolyte and electrode. Furthermore, this strategy can also be extended to the fabrication of a 3D-printed all-MXene micro-supercapacitor (MSC), delivering an ultrahigh areal capacitance of 2.0 F cm -2 at 1.2 mA cm -2 and retaining 1.2 F cm -2 at 60 mA cm -2 together with record-high energy density (0.1 mWh cm -2 at 0.38 mW cm -2 ).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi‐Scale Structural Engineering Strategy for High‐Performance MXene Hydrogel Supercapacitor Electrode

et al. 2021

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“…Because of the unique electric and ionic conduction, optical, plasmonic, and thermoelectric properties exhibited by MXenes, 10 a rather large number of applications have been envisaged. 6 Initially, these were mostly related to ion batteries, specically as supercapacitors, 11 and energy storage. 2 However, the number and type of applications have been rapidly growing including, for instance, water purication, 12 lubrication, gas and energy storage, reinforcement for composites, gas-and biosensors, electromagnetic interference shielding, among other, as summarized in several recent reviews, 13,14 an exhaustive monography 15 and other recent studies including a detailed theoretical description of O-covered MXenes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relating X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data to chemical bonding in MXenes

et al. 2021

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“…[191,192] Although 30 species of MXenes have been determined, less than 10 species have been identified as supercapacitor electrodes. [193] Moreover, only the Ti 3 C 2 species has been reported for AM. Therefore, this field offers substantial research opportunities due to the advantageous layered material properties and production techniques of MXenes and AM, respectively.…”

Section: Mxenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Manufacturing of Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems Electrodes

Soares

Ren

Mujib

et al. 2021

Adv Energy and Sustain Res

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Superior electrochemical performance, structural stability, facile integration, and versatility are desirable features of electrochemical energy storage devices. The increasing need for high‐power, high‐energy devices has prompted the investigation of manufacturing technologies that can produce structured battery and supercapacitor electrodes with optimized charge transport. While conventional electrode production techniques are becoming increasingly obsolete and incompatible with technological developments such as wearables and flexible electronics, additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as one of several state‐of‐the‐art tools to produce 3D‐structured electrodes with morphology control, high yield, and scalability. Herein, a comprehensive review of the major AM technologies and most recent literature about designing and manufacturing electrode materials for batteries and supercapacitors is presented. A thorough discussion of research opportunities and challenges in this promising field is also presented to introduce the potential and importance of AM to current developments involving electrode materials.

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Emerging 2D MXenes for supercapacitors: status, challenges and prospects

Abstract: This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the emerging 2D MXene electrode materials for supercapacitor application.

Cited by 505 publications

References 227 publications

A Multi‐Scale Structural Engineering Strategy for High‐Performance MXene Hydrogel Supercapacitor Electrode

A Multi‐Scale Structural Engineering Strategy for High‐Performance MXene Hydrogel Supercapacitor Electrode

Relating X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data to chemical bonding in MXenes

Additive Manufacturing of Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems Electrodes

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