Emergency Abdominal Operations in the Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Preoperative CD4 Count or CD4/CD8 Ratio as a Useful Indicator for Postoperative Sepsis in HIV-Infected Patients Undergoing Abdominal Operations

“…The possible explanation for this discrepancy could be that there were more urgent operations (53%, 41/77) or major operations (43%, 33/77) in the literature, whereas fewer patients underwent emergency surgery (11%, 4/35) or major surgery (31%, 11/35) in our study. Mortality has been found to be high in HIV/AIDS patients undergoing urgent operations [13,18,19]. Major surgery is associated with an increased complexity of the procedure and longer surgical and anesthetic time, thus increasing the possibility of developing postoperative severe sepsis [20,21].…”

“…Although the optimum time for surgery still needs clarification in larger studies, it may be better to delay elective surgery until the preoperative CD4 count > 200 cells/mL and CD4/CD8 ratio > 0.15. However, in patients with typically surgical problems, e.g., appendicitis and gastrointestinal perforation, early surgery allows for rapid recovery similar to normal surgical patients irrespective of CD4 cell count and CD4/ CD8 ratio [18,19,28,29].…”

Increased Risk of Wound Complications and Poor Healing following Laparotomy in HIV-Seropositive and AIDS Patients

“…In order to establish whether HIV and AIDS patients are subject to an increased risk of wound complications and poor healing, a wound other than that of the anorectal canal requires investigation. Several authors have described a high rate of wound complications and problems with wound healing following laparotomy [16, 17, 18, 19, 20]. These observations in various reports require clarification and the prognostic factors, both clinical and immunological, which may lead to poor healing need to be defined.…”

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Trauma Patients: Where Do We Stand?

“…Moreover, the existing literature is controversial with regard to treatment options and outcomes in HP patients. [1][2][3][11][12][13][14] The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of HIV infection on trauma patient management and treatment outcome.…”