Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Trauma Patients: Where Do We Stand?

Stawicki, Stanislaw P.; Hoff, William S.; Hoey, Brian A.; Grossman, Michael D.; Scoll, Benjamin; Reed, James F.

doi:10.1097/01.ta.0000124279.08072.f5

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Concerns have been raised that HIV-infected patients have longer hospital stays and greater follow-up, affecting outcomes [31,32]. In fact, in our study, HIV seropositive patients were observed to stay significantly longer in the wards as compared to HIV seronegative patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

HIV, appendectomy and postoperative complications at a reference hospital in Northwest Tanzania: cross-sectional study

et al. 2010

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BackgroundAppendicitis is a frequent surgical emergency worldwide. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HIV, and the association of infection with clinical, intraoperative and histological findings and outcome, among patients with appendicitis.MethodsWe performed a cross sectional study at Weill-Bugando Medical Centre in northwest Tanzania. In total, 199 patients undergoing appendectomy were included. Demographic characteristics of patients, clinical features, laboratory, intraoperative and histopathological findings, and HIV serostatus were recorded.ResultsIn total, 26/199 (13.1%) were HIV-seropositive. The HIV-positive population was significantly older (mean age: 38.4 years) than the HIV-negative population (25.3 years; p < 0.001). Leukocytosis was present in 87% of seronegative patients, as compared to 34% in seropositive patients (p = 0.0001), and peritonitis was significantly more frequent among HIV-positives (31% vs. 2%; p < 0.001). The mean (SD) length of hospital stay was significantly longer in HIV-positives (7.12 ± 2.94 days vs. 4.02 ± 1.14 days; p < 0.001); 11.5% of HIV patients developed surgical site infections, as compared to 0.6% in the HIV-negative group (p = 0.004).ConclusionHIV infections are common among patients with appendicitis in Tanzania, and are associated with severe morbidity, postoperative complications and longer hospital stays. Early diagnosis of appendicitis and prompt appendectomy are crucial in areas with high prevalence of HIV infection. Routine pre-test counseling and HIV screening for appendicitis patients is recommended to detect early cases who may benefit from HAART.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

HIV, appendectomy and postoperative complications at a reference hospital in Northwest Tanzania: cross-sectional study

et al. 2010

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“…35,36 We found nearly identical numbers of hospital days and surgical follow-up visits in HIVinfected and HIV-noninfected patients.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 63%

Surgical Outcomes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Patients in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Horberg

Hurley²,

Klein³

et al. 2006

Arch Surg

125

108

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Hypothesis: Matched patients who test positive or negative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who are undergoing comparable operations have similar complication rates and outcomes.Design: A retrospective study of surgical outcomes in HIVinfected and matched HIV-noninfected patients. Baseline information including HIV-related laboratory results, complications, and mortality was collected from printed and electronic records through 12 postoperative months.

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“…In burn patients no differences have been found in outcome 10 whereas in open fractures, more infections occurred. 11 In the largest retrospective series to date Stawicki et al 12 compared treatment and outcomes between trauma patients with and without HIV. Unlike our population, they had significantly more comorbidities and more penetrating trauma in the HIV-positive group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%