Emergence of Weak Coupling at Large Distance in Quantum Gravity

Heidenreich, Ben; Reece, Matthew; Rudelius, Tom

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.121.051601

Cited by 165 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…If it is a pseudo‐scalar like an axion, it can avoid fifth‐force constraints, but a typical axion potential is flat enough to drive a period of accelerated expansion only if its decay constant is trans‐Planckian . This is in disagreement with recent studies of axion field ranges from string theory . On the other hand, if the quintessence field is a scalar, it is not clear how to avoid the existing stringent bounds from fifth‐forces .…”

Section: Quintessence In String Theorymentioning

confidence: 77%

De Sitter vs Quintessence in String Theory

Cicoli

Alwis

Maharana

et al. 2018

Fortschritte der Physik

183

223

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De Sitter solutions have been recently conjectured to be incompatible with quantum gravity. In this paper we critically assess the progress and challenges of different mechanisms to obtain de Sitter vacua in string compactifications and compare them to quintessence models. We argue that, despite recent criticisms, de Sitter models reached a level of concreteness and calculational control which has been improving over time. On the other hand, building string models of quintessence appears to be more challenging and requires additional fine‐tuning. We discuss the tension between the swampland conjecture and the Higgs potential and find examples which can evade fifth‐force bounds even if they seem very hard to realise in string theory. We also comment on the tension with low‐redshift data and explore ultra‐light axions from string theory as dark energy candidates.

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Section: Quintessence In String Theorymentioning

confidence: 77%

De Sitter vs Quintessence in String Theory

Cicoli

Alwis

Maharana

et al. 2018

Fortschritte der Physik

183

223

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These relations identify the tower of states responsible for the cutoff Λ in the Weak Gravity Conjecture, with the tower of states of the Swampland Distance Conjecture. This identification was first proposed in general in [], and subsequently found to hold in a wide range of string theory settings.…”

Section: First Encounters With the Swamplandmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It was also studied in [] with a focus on understanding the implications of supersymmetry breaking. Particularly powerful results can be obtained in the context of AdS 3 /CFT 2 duality by utilising modular invariance on the CFT side . These results provided some of the most rigorous and general arguments for the Weak Gravity Conjecture in this context.…”

Section: Charting the Swamplandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

Weak Gravity Conjecture ( d ‐dimensions) a [] Consider a theory, coupled to gravity, with a U (1) gauge symmetry with gauge coupling g

S = \int d^{d} X \sqrt{- g} [{((), M_{p}^{d})}^{d - 2} \frac{R^{d}}{2} - \frac{1}{4 g^{2}} F^{2} + \dots] .

(Electric WGC) There exists a particle in the theory with mass m and charge q satisfying the inequality

m \leq \sqrt{\frac{d - 2}{d - 3}} g q {(M_{p}^{d})}^{\frac{d - 2}{2}} .

(Magnetic WGC) The cutoff scale Λ of the effective theory is bounded from above approximately by the gauge coupling

Λ ≲ g {(M_{p}^{d})}^{\frac{d - 2}{2}} .

a The conjecture in [] was presented only for four dimensions, and is presented in and . The logic behind the electric WGC can be simply generalized to d ‐dimensions, see for example []. The Magnetic WGC for d ‐dimensions here is deduced naturally from the known examples.…”

Section: First Encounters With the Swamplandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a The conjecture in [] was presented only for four dimensions, and is presented in and . The logic behind the electric WGC can be simply generalized to d ‐dimensions, see for example []. The Magnetic WGC for d ‐dimensions here is deduced naturally from the known examples.…”

Section: First Encounters With the Swamplandmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Swampland: Introduction and Review

Palti

2019

Fortschritte der Physik

898

1,097

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The Swampland program aims to distinguish effective theories which can be completed into quantum gravity in the ultraviolet from those which cannot. This article forms an introduction to the field, assuming only a knowledge of quantum field theory and general relativity. It also forms a comprehensive review, covering the range of ideas that are part of the field, from the Weak Gravity Conjecture, through compactifications of String Theory, to the de Sitter conjecture.

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Validation of the Numen Field by the Energy Conditions in the Early Universe

Melia

2023

Annalen der Physik

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The energy conditions in general relativity are introduced to establish powerful theorems without having to restrict their applicability to specific choices of the stress‐energy tensor. They are famously invoked, e.g., to prove the singularity theorems of Penrose and Hawking, but have also been applied elsewhere, including various tests of certain cosmological theories. These conditions have become somewhat controversial, however, because they appear to be violated by commonly accepted scenarios, such as inflation shortly after the Big Bang and late‐time acceleration of the cosmic expansion. But accommodating these processes by abandoning all of the energy conditions will promote other disquieting possibilities, including the breakdown of causality with traversable wormholes and closed timeloops. This paper advocates for the opposite viewpoint, demonstrating that the ‘numen’ scalar field, derived from the zero active mass condition in general relativity, satisfies all of the energy conditions in the early Universe. This unique feature among scalar fields adds to its success in accounting for the observed properties of the cosmic microwave background better than its inflationary counterpart. Specifically, numen's complete consistency with all of the energy conditions, and inflation's violation of at least one of them, provides additional justification for theoretically favoring the former over the latter.

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Emergence of Weak Coupling at Large Distance in Quantum Gravity

Cited by 165 publications

References 30 publications

De Sitter vs Quintessence in String Theory

De Sitter vs Quintessence in String Theory

The Swampland: Introduction and Review

Validation of the Numen Field by the Energy Conditions in the Early Universe

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