Emergence of Quinolone Resistance amongst &lt;i&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/i&gt; strains isolated from Clinical infections in some Lagos State Hospitals, in Nigeria.

Aibinu, I.; Aednipekun, E; Odugbemi, T

doi:10.4314/njhbs.v3i2.11513

Cited by 52 publications

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“…In recent times, there have been an increased antibiotic resistant strains of clinically important pathogens, which has led to the emergence of new bacterial strains that are multi-resistant [9,10,11] .Therefore, this has led to the search for more effective antimicrobial agents among materials of plant origin, with the aim of discovering potentially active ingredients that can serve as a source for the synthesis of new antimicrobial drugs [12] . Medicinal plants use date back to several centuries in Africa and other regions of the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activities of Chrysophyllum Albidum Leaves, Fruits and Seeds

George¹,

Adenipekun²,

Fasogbon³

et al. 2018

Am. J. Biomed. Sci.

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Background: Chrysophyllum albidum is a medicinal plant that belongs to the Sapotaceae family. This study was carried out to determine the antimicrobial activities of the leaves, seeds and fruits of Chrysophyllum albidum.Materials and Methods: The fruits, leaves and seeds of Chrysophyllum albidum were extracted with distilled water, Seaman's Schnapps, Methanol and Petroleum ether using cold extraction. These extracts were tested on various organisms. Antimicrobial activities of the various extracts were determined using the agar well diffusion technique to detect the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC).Results and Discussion: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited by all the extracts at MIC between 32µg/ml to 512µg/ml except Seaman's Schnapps leaves and petroleum ether seed extract. The fruit extracts had a high antimicrobial activity against all the tested organisms. The extracts from Seaman's Schnapps had little activity while the aqueous extracts had MIC ranging from 64-512µg/ml on most of the organisms tested. The statistical analysis of the extracts indicated P-value of 0.122 for Aqueous extracts, which was statistically insignificant compared to 0.003 for Methanolic extracts and 0.001 for Seaman's Schnapps extracts in the inhibition pattern of the extracts. Aqueous extracts showed more inhibitory activity than Methanolic and Seaman's Schnaps extracts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activities of Chrysophyllum Albidum Leaves, Fruits and Seeds

George¹,

Adenipekun²,

Fasogbon³

et al. 2018

Am. J. Biomed. Sci.

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“…It has been widely reported that bacteria habour antibiotic resistant genes which can be horizontally transferred to other bacteria 24 . According to Aibinu et al 25 , E. coli is highly resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, tetracycline and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole. The widespread occurence of drug resistant E. coli and other pathogens in our environment has necessitated the need for regular monitoring of antibiotics susceptibility trends to provide the basis for developing rational prescription programs, making policy decisions and assessing the effectiveness of both 26,27 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Resistant plasmid profile analysis of multidrug resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolated from urinary tract infections in Abeokuta, Nigeria

Akingbade¹,

Balogun²,

Ojo³

et al. 2015

Afr H. Sci.

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Background: Multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli has become a major threat and cause of many urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Abeokuta, Nigeria. Objectives: This study was carried out to determine the resistant plasmids of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from (Urinary tract infections)UTIs in Abeokuta. Methods: A total of 120 Escherichia coli isolates were obtained from urine samples collected from patients attending inpatient and outpatient clinics presenting UTI; with their biodata. Antibiotics susceptibility was performed and multi-drug resistant isolates were selected for plasmid profiling. Plasmids were extracted by the alkaline lysis method, electrophoresed on 0.8% agarose gel and profiled using a gel-photo documentation system gel. Results: Escherichia coli isolates obtained shows high resistance to cloxacillin (92.5%), amoxicillin (90.8%), ampicillin (90.8%), erythromycin (75.8%), cotrimoxazole (70.0%), streptomycin (70.0%) and tetracycline (68.3%) while 85.8% and 84.2% were susceptible to gentamycin and ceftazidime respectively. Sixteen Escherichia coli strains were observed to be resistant to more than two classes of antibiotics. The resistant plasmid DNA was detectable in 6(37.5%) of the 16 multidrug resistant Escherichia coli having single sized plasmids of the same weight 854bp and were all resistant to erythromycin, cefuroxime, cloxacillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin and cotrimoxazole. Conclusion: This study has highlighted the emergence of multidrug resistant R-plasmids among Escherichia coli causing urinary tract infections in Abeokuta, Nigeria. There is a high level of resistance to many antimicrobials that are frequently used in Abeokuta, Nigeria.

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“…It is worthy to note that multidrug resistance has serious implication for the empiric therapy of infections caused by microbes. This study has established that ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, ofloxacin and pefloxacin (to which < 20%age resistance of the organism was below 10% respectively) are effective drugs that can be used for treatment of S.aureus infections at their in-use concentrations corroborating 15 while cotrimoxazole and nitrofuratoin which showed up to 50% susceptibility of organisms may be sparingly effective, augumentin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin and ceftriazone will hardly be efficacious since >50% of the isolates showed resistance to these drugs. The high resistance 63.0% to gentamicin is worrisome as it mostly forms the first line treatment for most people with symptoms of staphylococcal infection and has been thought to be a broad spectrum antibiotic for Gram positive organisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Several workers have reported the multiple antibiotic resistance patterns of S. aureus from clinical samples 14,15,16 . When low doses of antibiotics are used against bacteria, they inhibit the growth of susceptible bacteria, leaving the smaller number of already resistant bacteria to thrive and grow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been observed that antibiotics susceptibility of bacterial isolates is not constant but dynamic and varies with time and environment 14 . This therefore demands the need for periodic screening of common bacterial pathogens for their antibiogram in different communities 15 . This study is therefore set to determine the prevalence of the Multidrug resistant forms of S.aureus among the unassuming pregnant women in Owerri with a view to alerting the women and the entire populace on the presence of such organism and its public health implications as well as suggest preventive and control measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and antibiogram of multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus among pregnant women attending ante-natal clinics in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

Akelere¹,

Anyadoh-Nwadike

Nwadike

2013

Asian J Med Sci

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Antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed that 126 ( 60.5%) of the S.aureus isolated from both the Urine and HVS samples across the state were multidrug resistant . The predominant MAR index was 0.27 as 33.2% of isolates were resistant to 3 / 11 of antibiotics tested while the least 0.64 (7/11) was shown by 0.01% of the isolates. Generally, the highest resistance was to Ceftriazone (63.8%), followed by Gentamicin (63.0%), while Ciprofloxacin gave the highest susceptibility (95.2% ) followed by Ofloxacin (92.3%). Questionnaires revealed that 75.7% (87), 72.9%(43) and 76.5% (26) (mean: 75%) that tested positive for the organism at FMC Owerri, IMSUTH Orlu and General Hospital Okigwe respectively were asymptomatic. Result analysis revealed a significant prevalence of resistant S.aureus among these outpatients who were mostly asymptomatic and unsuspecting carriers. Conclusion:The need for routine surveillance of pregnant women for S.aureus to reduce maternal and child morbidity caused by the organism has therefore been revealed by this study.

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Emergence of Quinolone Resistance amongst <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains isolated from Clinical infections in some Lagos State Hospitals, in Nigeria.

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Antimicrobial Activities of Chrysophyllum Albidum Leaves, Fruits and Seeds

Antimicrobial Activities of Chrysophyllum Albidum Leaves, Fruits and Seeds

Resistant plasmid profile analysis of multidrug resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolated from urinary tract infections in Abeokuta, Nigeria

Prevalence and antibiogram of multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus among pregnant women attending ante-natal clinics in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

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