Emergence of penicillin resistant &lt;i&gt;Neisseria gonorrhoeae&lt;/i&gt;

Bhargava, Dipak; Shakya, B; Mondal, KC; Rijal, Basista Prasad

doi:10.3126/jiom.v32i1.3996

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In this study all isolates were 100 % susceptible to ceftriaxone which was analogous to 100 % susceptibility reported in Nepal [ 26 ], India [ 27 ], Brazil [ 28 ], Tanzania [ 20 ] and Ethiopia [ 6 ]. Our finding was also comparable to 99 % susceptibility towards the same antibiotic documented in Bangladesh [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…In this study, N. gonorrhoeae isolates showed alarming rate (28.6 %) of resistance against ciprofloxacin which is higher than 18 % resistance to the same drug reported in Ethiopia [ 6 ], 20 % in Nepal [ 26 ], 21.4 % in Brazil [ 28 ] and 23.3 % in Uganda [ 23 ]. Such relative high rate of resistance seen in this study might be due to easly availability, indiscriminate and intensive use of this antibiotic in all health facilities in the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Neisseria gonorrhoeae among suspects of sexually transmitted infection in Gambella hospital, Ethiopia: risk factors and drug resistance

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundNeisseria gonorrhoeae is a bacterium responsible for one of the classic sexually transmitted infection (STI) gonorrhea. Antibiotic resistant strains are emerging at alarming rate. Multiple sexual partners, unsafe sex and substance use habits are the main host related risk factors for acquiring the infection. Thus, this study aimed at determining the magnitude, its determinants and antimicrobial resistance profile of N. gonorrhoeae in a place where there is risk related cultural practices and relatively high HIV prevalence.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 186 STI suspected patients seen in Gambella hospital from March to July 2015. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and associated risk factors was collected using pre-designed questionnaire. Urethral or endo-cervical swabs were collected aseptically by trained nurses. Then, samples were transported to laboratory and processed within 15 min following standard microbiological culture techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Data entry, transforming and analysis was done using SPSS version 20.ResultsIn this study 11.3 % of the STI suspected patients were confirmed to have N. gonorrhoeae. The rate of infection in males was four times higher than in females accounting 16.0 and 5.0 % respectively (p = 0.049). It was also higher (18.9 %) in 20–24 years age group (p = 0.439). Alcohol intake (p = 0.013), less frequent condom use (p = 0.031), and multiple sex partners (p = 0.024) were associated with increased odds of infection. All N. gonorrhoeae isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone and cefoxitin but all were resistant to penicillin and tetracycline. Alarmingly, 28.6 % of the isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin.ConclusionsThe proportion of urogenital symptoms attributable to N. gonorrhoeae was high (11 %), with highest prevalence among males and young adults. Hence, prevention efforts should consider behavioral risk reduction. Ceftriaxone and cefoxitin can be considered as excellent first-line treatment options. However, alarming rate of resistance to ciprofloxacin challenges the current use of this antibiotic in the syndromic management package of gonococcal infections. Thus, laboratory based diagnosis and treatment system is need.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Neisseria gonorrhoeae among suspects of sexually transmitted infection in Gambella hospital, Ethiopia: risk factors and drug resistance

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies on antibiotic resistance against sexually transmitted infections remain limited in Nepal. However, few identified studies reported high rate of resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to antibiotics penicillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin [ 70 - 72 ].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Resistance Of Various Microbial Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance in Nepal: Current Trends and Recommendations

Dahal¹,

Chaudhary²

2018

TOMICROJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Antimicrobial resistance is a life threatening challenges to the world. Most of the well-known antibiotics are currently ineffective to several microbial diseases. Ampicillin, metronidazole, amoxicillin, cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, gentamicin, and ceftazidime are common antibiotics whose resistance pattern has been elevated in recent years. The rise and dissemination of resistant bacteria has contributed in increasing cases of antimicrobial resistance. Multi-drug Resistant (MDR) organism such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomionas aeruginosa, Escherchia coli, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are principal problems for public health and stakeholders. Globally, issues of antimicrobial resistance are major concern. In the context of Nepal, insufficient surveillance system, lack of appropriate policy, and poor publications regarding the use of antibiotics and its resistance pattern has misled to depict exact scenario of antimicrobial resistance. This mini-review presents current trends of antibiotic use and its resistance pattern in Nepal. In addition, global progression of antibiotic discovery and its resistance has been covered as well. Furthermore, use of antibiotics and possible ways on improvement of effectiveness have been discussed.

show abstract

“…Antibiotic sensitivity pattern for N. gonorrhoea in different part of the world is also not uniform, and the emergence of resistance to the commonly used drugs, such as penicillin, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin is frequent in different part of the world including South East Asian Region (SEAR) [4]. During 2009-12, the percentage of penicillinase producing N. gonorrhoeae (PPNG) isolates from WHO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of gonococcal infection varies greatly among countries in the developed and developing world, the highest being in South and Southeast Asia, followed by sub-Saharan Africa and America. According to the World Health Organization, there are approximately 62 million new cases of gonorrhoea worldwide annually, and almost half of the cases are estimated to occur in Southeast Asia [3] [4]. High rate of prevalence of gonorrhoea is due to presence of a large reservoir of asymptomatic carriers in the community and development of antimicrobial resistance to N. gonorrhoea [1] [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of Gonococcal Infections with Assessment of Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern

Rajdev¹,

Arpita²,

Patel³

et al. 2016

AID

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context: Gonococcal infections are prevalent throughout the world and remain a serious public health problem, with an estimated 106.1 million new infections per year. Over recent years, the gonococcus has rapidly acquired resistance to commonly used antibiotics and very few treatment options remain; hence, regular monitoring of antimicrobial resistance is very important. Methods and Material: The study was conducted from January 2012 to March 2013 after approved by IRB & HREC in patients attending O&G and Skin & VD with the complaints of vaginal discharge, cervical discharge, urethral discharge, dyspareunia, burning micturition, lower abdominal pain & infertility. Endocervical swabs and urethral swabs were collected and cultured on chocolate agar and modified Thayer martin medium identification of organism was done by biochemical tests and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. Results: Five Neisseria were isolated in male (2.3%) patients of reproductive age group (20 -30 years) with one found reactive for HIV. All patients had history of heterosexual contact of 10 -12 days before onset of urethral discharge and burning micturition. All isolates were resistant to Penicillin, Tetracycline and Ciprofloxacin. Only one isolate was resistance to Azithromycin. Conclusions: There is a development of resistance in gonococcal isolates to third generation cephalosporin and azithromycin and these are the drugs that are given for syndromic management of cases as per NACO guidelines. So surveillance for antimicrobial resistance is crucial for monitoring the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in gonococcal isolates.

show abstract

Emergence of penicillin resistant <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Neisseria gonorrhoeae among suspects of sexually transmitted infection in Gambella hospital, Ethiopia: risk factors and drug resistance

Neisseria gonorrhoeae among suspects of sexually transmitted infection in Gambella hospital, Ethiopia: risk factors and drug resistance

Microbial Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance in Nepal: Current Trends and Recommendations

Surveillance of Gonococcal Infections with Assessment of Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About