Emergence of Norovirus GII.17-associated Outbreak and Sporadic Cases in Korea from 2014 to 2015

Jung, Sun‐Young; Hwang, Bo-Mi; Jung, Hoon; Chung, Gyung-Tae; Yoo, Cheon-Kwon; Lee, Deog‐Yong

doi:10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.1.12

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…From December 2016 to May 2017, the peak of reported norovirus outbreaks was very likely associated with the emerging genotype GII.P16-GII.2 [32]. These observations are consistent with data from other countries, particularly in Asia, where in the winter of 2014, GII.17 became the predominant genotype [33,34,35,36], and in the winter of 2016, GII.P16-GII.2 emerged in China and elsewhere [31,37,38,39,40].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Epidemiology of Norovirus Outbreaks Reported to the Public Health Emergency Event Surveillance System, China, 2014–2017

Lian

Luo

et al. 2019

Viruses

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We conducted a retrospective analysis of norovirus outbreaks reported to the National Public Health Emergency Event Surveillance System (PHEESS) in China from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2017. We reviewed all acute gastroenteritis outbreaks (n = 692) submitted to PHEESS to identify the frequency, seasonality, geographic distribution, setting, and transmission mode of outbreaks due to norovirus. A total of 616 norovirus outbreaks resulting in 30,848 cases were reported. Among these outbreaks, 571 (93%) occurred in school settings including 239 (39%) in primary schools, 136 (22%) in childcare facilities, and 121 (20%) in secondary schools. The majority of outbreaks (63%) were due to person-to-person transmission, followed by multiple modes of transmission (11%), foodborne (5%) and waterborne (3%) transmission. These findings highlight the importance of improving hand hygiene and environmental disinfection in high-risk settings. Developing a standard and quantitative outbreak reporting structure could improve the usefulness of PHEESS for monitoring norovirus outbreaks.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Epidemiology of Norovirus Outbreaks Reported to the Public Health Emergency Event Surveillance System, China, 2014–2017

Lian

Luo

et al. 2019

Viruses

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“…In the GII.17 phylogenetic tree, the first occurrence was detected as GII.17|Kawasaki323 (AB983218) in July 2014, which was identical to the new GII.P17-GII.17 reported in March 2014 in Japan [ 19 ]. The new GII.17 was 96% homologous in the amino acid sequences with the GII.17 strain reported in Korea by KCDC [ 20 ]. Since first emergence of GII.17|Kawasaki323, GII.17|CUHK-NS-616 and GII.17|Kawasaki308 sharply increased during the winter in 2014–2015, and the GII.17 became the first dominant genotype in Seoul in January 2015 (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…This epidemicity was well accordant with the global trend of the new GII.17 (GII.17|Kawasaki). According to the previous report by KCDC, the GII.17, previously considered as a minor type in Korea, is the predominant NoV since December 2014 [ 20 ]. During the winter in 2014–2015, the new GII.17 also emerged and became the predominant genotype in Japan [ 19 ], several major cities in mainland China [ 21 , 22 ], and HongKong [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic characterization of norovirus strains detected from sporadic gastroenteritis in Seoul during 2014–2016

et al. 2018

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BackgroundPhylogenetic analysis of norovirus (NoV) is efficient for tracking NoV transmission. To determine the widespread NoV strains in Seoul, we conducted an extensive phylogenetic characterization of NoV-positives from 1659 diarrheal specimens collected in 2014–2016 for the Seoul NoV-surveillance.ResultsWhen the large numbers of NoV partial VP1 genome sequences were analyzed in acute gastroenteritis patients along with the phylogenetic characterization, we could identify molecular epidemiologic patterns based on the genetic characteristics of sporadic NoV strains circulating in Seoul, which could provide a detailed description of the genome-wide and community-wide NoV evolution in each genotype. The average NoV detection rate in our study period was 16.34% that was increased by 7.44% from 13.17% in 2014 to 20.61% in 2016. Prevalence of NoV GI and GII was 4.43% and 93.36%, respectively, and the GII.4, GII.17, and GII.3 were found to be the major type among 17 genotypes of NoV. The most prevalent one was GII.4 (50.92%) that was followed by GII.17 (18.08%) and GII.3 (9.96%). According to an extensive phylogenetic analysis based on partial VP1 sequences of 1008 NoV (276 sporadic, 518 outbreak and 214 reference), pandemic strains of GII.17, GII.4 and GII.3 have emerged in succession during the 2014-2016 Seoul NoV-surveillance. GII.17 emerged as GII.17|Kawasaki323 in 2014, and became the predominant genotype in 2015 with GII.17|2014_Kawasaki lineages (CUHK-NS-616/Kawasaki308). The formerly predominant GII.4 remained high-level with GII.4|2012_Sydney in 2014 and internally replaced to GII.4|2016_Kawasaki194 lineage (NOR-2565/NOR-2558/OH16002) that caused the sporadic NoV explosion since December 2015. Sporadically prevalent GII.3|Hu/Aichio334-13/2013 failed to develop any outbreaks, whereas sporadic GII.3|Hu/3-28/2015/HNZZ/CHN caused heavy outbreaks in Seoul without preparation time since November 2016.ConclusionsThis is the first extensive phylogenetic study revealing the important events of NoV strains circulating in Seoul. Particularly, our study period from 2014 to 2016 was very dynamic with the emergences of the three main NoV strains (GII.17|2014_Kawasaki, GII.4|2016_Kawasaki194 and GII.3|Hu/3-28/2015/HNZZ/CHN) every year. We are sure that it is hard to detect above findings by simple conventional analysis. Our present study reports a future paradigm of the NoV molecular epidemiology, which might be highly valuable to track new strains and predict oncoming outbreaks.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13099-018-0263-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Norovirus GII.17 Associated with a Foodborne Acute Gastroenteritis Outbreak in Brazil, 2016

et al. 2017

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Emergence of Norovirus GII.17-associated Outbreak and Sporadic Cases in Korea from 2014 to 2015

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Epidemiology of Norovirus Outbreaks Reported to the Public Health Emergency Event Surveillance System, China, 2014–2017

Epidemiology of Norovirus Outbreaks Reported to the Public Health Emergency Event Surveillance System, China, 2014–2017

Phylogenetic characterization of norovirus strains detected from sporadic gastroenteritis in Seoul during 2014–2016

Norovirus GII.17 Associated with a Foodborne Acute Gastroenteritis Outbreak in Brazil, 2016

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