Emergence of human-porcine reassortment G9P[19] porcine rotavirus A strain in Guangdong Province, China

Abstract

Group A rotaviruses of the family Reoviridae is one of the important intestinal pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets and humans. A human-porcine reassortment rotavirus, GDJM1, was identified from outbreak of diarrhea in suckling piglets and it associated with 60.00% (324/540) morbidity and 20.99% (68/324) mortality in Guangdong Province of China in 2022. Thus, to further characterize the evolutionary diversity of GDJM1, all gene segments were analyzed. The genome constellation was G9-P[19]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1. Nucleotide sequence identity and phylogenetic analyses showed that the VP6, VP7, NSP4 and NSP5 genes of GDJM1 were the most closely related to the respective genes of porcine strains, with the highest homology ranging from 95.65–98.55% identity. The remaining seven genes (VP1-VP4, NSP1-NSP3) were the most closely related to human strains, with the highest homology ranging from 91.83–96.69% similarity. Therefore, it is likely that GDJM1 emerged as the result of genetic reassortment between porcine and human rotaviruses. To our knowledge, this is the first report that a human-porcine reassortment G9P[19] RVA strain has been identified in mainland China, which providing important insights into evolutionary characterization of G9P[19] RVA strain, and reveals that the strain has a potential risk of cross-species transmission.

Emergence and high prevalence of unusual rotavirus G8P[8] strains in outpatients with acute gastroenteritis in Shanghai, China

“…Currently, about 42 G genotypes and 58 P genotypes have been reported to the RVA Classification Working Group (RCWG) (https://rega.kuleuven.be/cev/viralmetagenomics/virus-classification/rcwg). 7 Among these, several genotype combinations, including G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], G9P[8] and G12P[8], together account for an estimated 90‐95% of all RVA infections worldwide 4,8 . Interestingly, G8P[8] has been detected in China and elsewhere outside Africa and becomes predominant in recent years, apparently on post‐COVID‐19 pandemic period 9–11 …”

“…4 Currently, about 42 G genotypes and 58 P genotypes have been reported to the RVA Classification Working Group (RCWG) (https://rega.kuleuven.be/ cev/viralmetagenomics/virus-classification/rcwg). 7 Among these, several genotype combinations, including G1P [8], G2P [4], G3P [8],…”

Development of a triplex quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for the detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus, and porcine rotavirus A

“…Another porcine enteric virus, PoRVA, is a non-enveloped double-stranded RNA virus belonging to the genus Rotavirus and family Reoviridae. It is one of the major pathogens responsible for severe diarrhea in piglets worldwide (Vlasova et al, 2017;Luo et al, 2023). The PoRVA genome is approximately 18.5 kb and has 11 double-stranded RNA segments.…”