Emergence and clonal transmission of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis among patients in Chad

Diallo, Awa Ba; Ossoga, Gedeon W.; Daneau, Géraldine; Lo, Seynabou; Ngandolo, Richard; Djaibé, Colette Diguimbaye; Djouater, Barou; Mboup, Souleymane; Jong, Bouke C. de; Diallo, Astou Coly Niassy; Gehre, Florian

doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2671-7

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…17 African countries are not among the top three countries associated with over half the global burden of MDR tuberculosis. 18 The MDR tuberculosis rates from this region have varied, with a range of rates reported: 4.5% from Chad, 19 12.0% from Benin, 20 5.1% from Mozambique, 21 18% from Cameroon, 22 11.5% from Djibouti, 23 and 1.2% and 3.37% from Ethiopia, 24,25 which are generally higher than the rate observed in this study. In addition to country and regional variations, the rate of MDR tuberculosis is also related to exposure of patients to tuberculosis drugs.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Otokunefor

Omakwele

2018

African Journal of Laboratory Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundIn past years, much focus has been on tackling the scourge and spread of tuberculosis worldwide. The recent emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis has, however, negatively threatened progress made so far. Nigeria ranks fourth out of the 22 high tuberculosis burden countries in the world and has the highest burden of tuberculosis in Africa. It is therefore necessary to monitor the MDR tuberculosis situation in the country.ObjectivesThis study set out to assess the proportions of MDR tuberculosis in patients attending six directly observed treatment short-course centres in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, from October 2015 to October 2016.MethodsSix hundred and nine participants between the ages of 18 and 75 years were enrolled in this study and comprised suspected and newly diagnosed tuberculosis cases. Sputum samples obtained from the participants were screened for the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using standard culture and phenotypic biochemical techniques, and drug susceptibility testing was carried out using the 1% proportion conventional method.ResultsOf the 609 participants enrolled, 30 (4.9%) were confirmed as M. tuberculosis-positive cases. A high prevalence of drug resistant tuberculosis was noted in this study (14/30, 46.7%), with 26.7% of isolates resistant to streptomycin. MDR tuberculosis, defined as being resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin, was detected in only one case (3.3%).ConclusionThis study reports a low rate of MDR tuberculosis and contributes to the sparse data on drug resistant tuberculosis in Nigeria.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Otokunefor

Omakwele

2018

African Journal of Laboratory Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A clear distinction has been observed in the population structure of genotypes associated with mono-resistance, MDR-and XDR-TB (Table 1). In parts of South Africa the F15/LAM4/KZN and Beijing genotypes have been A high degree of clustering of drug resistant TB isolates has been observed in parts of Africa [23,39,40,75]; this is of great concern as it implies that there is recent and ongoing transmission of drug resistant TB strains within the region. Furthermore, a correlation between drug resistant strains in the adult population and in children has been demonstrated [62], suggestive of adult to child transmission.…”

Section: Population Structure Of Drug Resistant Tb Genotypes In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Africa: a systematic review

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The burden of drug resistant tuberculosis in Africa is largely driven by the emergence and spread of multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. MDR-TB is defined as resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin, while XDR-TB is defined as MDR-TB with added resistance to any of the second line injectable drugs and any fluoroquinolone. The highest burden of drug resistant TB is seen in countries further experiencing an HIV epidemic. The molecular mechanisms of drug resistance as well as the evolution of drug resistant TB strains have been widely studied using various genotyping tools. The study aimed to analyse the drug resistant lineages in circulation and transmission dynamics of these lineages in Africa by describing outbreaks, nosocomial transmission and migration. Viewed as a whole, this can give a better insight into the transmission dynamics of drug resistant TB in Africa. Methods: A systematic review was performed on peer reviewed original research extracted from PubMed reporting on the lineages associated with drug resistant TB from African countries, and their association with outbreaks, nosocomial transmission and migration. The search terms "Tuberculosis AND drug resistance AND Africa AND (spoligotyping OR molecular epidemiology OR IS6110 OR MIRU OR DNA fingerprinting OR RFLP OR VNTR OR WGS)" were used to identify relevant articles reporting the molecular epidemiology of drug resistant TB in Africa. Results: Diverse genotypes are associated with drug resistant TB in Africa, with variations in strain predominance within the continent. Lineage 4 predominates across Africa demonstrating the ability of "modern strains" to adapt and spread easily. Most studies under review reported primary drug resistance as the predominant type of transmission. Drug resistant TB strains are associated with community and nosocomial outbreaks involving MDRand XDR-TB strains. The under-use of molecular epidemiological tools is of concern, resulting in gaps in knowledge of the transmission dynamics of drug resistant TB on the continent. Conclusions: Genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis strains has been demonstrated across Africa implying that diverse genotypes are driving the epidemiology of drug resistant TB across the continent.

show abstract

“…A high degree of clustering of drug resistant TB isolates has been observed in parts of Africa [43,44,45,46]; this is of great concern as it implies that there is recent and ongoing transmission of drug resistant TB strains within the region. Furthermore, a correlation between drug resistant strains in the adult population and in children has been demonstrated [47], suggestive of adult to child transmission.…”

Section: Population Structure Of Drug Resistant Tb Genotypes In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Africa: a systematic review

Chisompola

Streicher

Muchemwa

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The burden of drug resistant tuberculosis in Africa is largely driven by the emergence and spread of multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. MDR-TB is defined as resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin, while XDR-TB is defined as MDR-TB with added resistance to any of the second line injectable drugs and any fluoroquinolone. The highest burden of drug resistant TB is seen in countries further experiencing an HIV epidemic. The molecular mechanisms of drug resistance as well as the evolution of drug resistant TB strains have been widely studied using various genotyping tools. The study aimed to analyse the drug resistant lineages in circulation and the transmission dynamics of these lineages in Africa by describing outbreaks, nosocomial transmission and migration. Viewed as a whole, this can give a better insight into the transmission dynamics of drug resistant TB in Africa. Methods A systematic review was performed on peer reviewed original research extracted from PubMed reporting on the lineages associated with drug resistant TB from African countries, and their association with outbreaks, nosocomial transmission and migration. The search terms “Tuberculosis AND drug resistance AND Africa AND (spoligotyping OR molecular epidemiology OR IS6110 OR MIRU OR DNA fingerprinting OR RFLP OR VNTR OR WGS)” were used to identify relevant articles reporting the molecular epidemiology of drug resistant TB in Africa. Results Diverse genotypes are associated with drug resistant TB in Africa, with variations in strain predominance within the continent. Lineage 4 predominates across Africa demonstrating the ability of these “modern strains” to adapt and spread easily. Most studies under review reported primary drug resistance as the predominant type of transmission. Drug resistant TB strains are associated with community and nosocomial outbreaks involving MDR- and XDR-TB strains. The under-use of molecular epidemiological tools is of concern, resulting in gaps in knowledge of the transmission dynamics of drug resistant TB on the continent.Conclusions Genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis strains has been demonstrated across Africa implying that diverse genotypes are driving the epidemiology of drug resistant TB across the continent.

show abstract

Emergence and clonal transmission of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis among patients in Chad

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Molecular epidemiology of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Africa: a systematic review

Molecular epidemiology of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Africa: a systematic review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About