Emended classification of xanthomonad pathogens on citrus

Schaad, N. W.; Postnikova, Elena; Lacy, George H.; Sechler, A.; Agarkova, Irina V.; Stromberg, Paul E.; Stromberg, Verlyn K.; Vidaver, Anne K.

doi:10.1016/j.syapm.2006.08.001

Cited by 209 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Dentre os problemas fitossanitários, destaca-se o cancro cítrico causado pela bactéria Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (20). No Brasil, esse patógeno foi constatado pela primeira vez em 1957, no município de Presidente Prudente, estado de São Paulo (2, 7).…”

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Avaliação da resistência de variedades de Citrus spp. à Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri na região Noroeste Paranaense, em condições de campo

et al. 2013

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A identificação de cultivares com determinados níveis de resistência ao cancro cítrico, com características agronômicas e comerciais desejáveis, assume grande importância para o manejo desta doença. A avaliação de genótipos promissores pode ser fetuada em condições controladas ou em campo. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar genótipos de laranja doce (Citrus sinensis), tangerinas (Citrus reticulata) e híbridos quanto à resistência ao cancro cítrico, em diferentes épocas de avaliação. O experimento foi conduzido em pomar experimental no município de Maringá, Paraná. Para a determinação da severidade média da doença, foram utilizadas escalas diagramáticas, sendo avaliadas quatro plantas por bloco e amostrados ramos na porção mediana de cada planta. Além disso, foi calculada a Área Abaixo da Curva de Progresso da Severidade (AACPS). De acordo com os dados obtidos, ocorreram diferenças significativas na severidade e na AACPS, ao longo das avaliações, sendo que a severidade variou de 0,25% a 4,88% e a AACPS de 49,80 a 742,65. As variedades cítricas Tang. Ponkan, Rosehaugh Nartjee, Harris, De wildt, Dekopon, Lee, África do Sul, Tarocco#23, Solid Scarlet, Satsuma Okitsu SPA 29, Cristalina, Shamouti e Pêra Olimpia se destacaram e apresentaram as menores médias de severidade, sendo essas classificadas como resistentes. Os resultados sugerem que esses genótipos podem ser importantes ferramentas nos programas de melhoramento de genótipos de citros, visando resistência a Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri.

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Avaliação da resistência de variedades de Citrus spp. à Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri na região Noroeste Paranaense, em condições de campo

et al. 2013

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“…X. axonopodis pv. citri) is a pathogen of the Asiatic type of citrus canker (Schaad et al, 2005). As a gram negative bacterium, the pathogen has flagella and type IV fimbriae (Moreira et al, 2004).…”

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Different Profiles of the Negatively Stained Citrus Canker Bacterium Xanthomonas citri pv. citri Depending on Culture Media and Heavy Metal Stains

Kim¹,

Lee²,

Hyun³

et al. 2010

The Plant Pathology Journal

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Staining profiles and bacterial morphology were compared in Xanthomonas citri pv. citri by a transmission electron microscopy. Four types of negative staining regimes were employed depending on culture media and heavy metal stains. The bacterial cells grown on LB agar media often appeared clustered on the supporting film. Meanwhile, individual bacterial cells could be readily found on the preparations from LB broth media. Typical rod-shaped cells (ca. 1 µm in length) and their flagella were observed in either 2% uranyl acetate (UA) or 2% neutralized potassium phosphotungstate (PTA) staining. The UA-stained bacteria often showed relatively intact cell morphology and rather positively stained cells with a thin electron-dense stain depth around bacteria. The PTA-stained bacteria were characterized by the wrinkled cell surface where the stain was entrapped in grooves. In addition, distinct electron-dense stain depth was evident around the PTA-stained preparations. Numerous fimbriae could be mostly observed from the PTA-stained preparations of the two culture media, but not from the UA-stained preparations.

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“…phaseoli. Schaad et al (2005Schaad et al ( , 2006 proposed Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans for the fuscous blight pathogen.…”

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confidence: 99%

Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans causing wilt symptoms in bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Brazil

2015

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Common and fuscous blights of bean are diseases widely distributed in the world. The most commonly observed symptoms are spots on leaves, stems, pods and seeds. In December 2009, bean plants cv. Uirapuru showing symptoms of wilt similar to those induced by Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens were observed in a commercial crop located in the county of Itararé, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The plants were at the last cycle stage with mature pods and these symptoms were noted in the majority of the growing area. Optical microscopic observations of discolored vascular tissue from diseased stems revealed the presence of bacterial masses oozed from infected tissue, indicating that the disease was caused by bacterial pathogen. Isolations on nutrient agar showed circular, convex, yellow colonies with smooth edges. The causal bacterium was Gramnegative and produced a dark brown pigment in culture medium. Biochemical, cultural and physiological tests confirmed its identity as Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans(syn. Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli“var. fuscans"). The pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed by artificial inoculations. Systemic infection has been reported in the literature but these kinds of symptoms are not currently observed in Brazilian fields. Bacterial strains were deposited on the Phytobacteria Culture Collection of Instituto Biológico (IBSBF - www.biologico.sp.gov.br/bacterias/php) under accession numbers 2813 and 3028.

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Emended classification of xanthomonad pathogens on citrus

Cited by 209 publications

References 25 publications

Avaliação da resistência de variedades de Citrus spp. à Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri na região Noroeste Paranaense, em condições de campo

Avaliação da resistência de variedades de Citrus spp. à Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri na região Noroeste Paranaense, em condições de campo

Different Profiles of the Negatively Stained Citrus Canker Bacterium Xanthomonas citri pv. citri Depending on Culture Media and Heavy Metal Stains

Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans causing wilt symptoms in bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Brazil

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