Embedment of copper particles into polymers by cold spray

King, Peter C.; Poole, Andrew J.; Horne, Susan; Nys, Rocky de; Gulizia, Stefan; Jahedi, Mahnaz

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2012.11.023

Cited by 72 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Below the minimum velocity the particles either cause erosion of the substrate or bounce off without noticeable damage [7]. Specifically, particle embedment to produce AF functionality requires particle velocities in the transition region between erosion and coating formation [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gas heating increases gas and by extension particle velocity and is reported to cause softening of thermoplastic polymers. This leads to increased penetration, facilitating a larger amount of AF material embedment per unit area [8]. However, the use of heating presents a problem in terms of applicability of the process at the industrial level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antifouling coatings made with Cold Spray onto polymers: Process characterization

et al. 2016

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Cold Spray (CS) of copper particles onto polymers has been validated as an effective tool for maintaining surface integrity in bioenvironments. CS requires limited heat input, can be applied locally or in large areas. The key parameters are particle penetration depth and copper surface coverage. However, the process parameters that can optimize the coating performance with deposition have not been comprehensively explored. In this paper, copper particles were deposited onto two polymers used in marine applications. A detailed analysis was carried out to correlate the key surface properties to the process so as to determine the optimum conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifouling coatings made with Cold Spray onto polymers: Process characterization

et al. 2016

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“…The deposition of the metal splats is affected by the velocity and temperature of the impacting particles, the roughness and temperature of the substrate surface, and the relative angle between the particle trajectory and the substrate ( Ref 4,8), among others. The deposited metal particles may embed into relatively softer polymer substrates, such as nylon, polyurethane (PU), and polyethylene (PE) ( Ref 23,44,45). Alternatively, the particles may deform and interlock upon contact with the polymer substrate surface, as shown in previous studies involving basalt and glass fiber-reinforced epoxy thermosets ( Ref 17,18) and pre-treated thermoplastic PU ( Ref 20).…”

Section: Thermal Spray Metallization Of Polymer-based Structuresmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…However, softening of the impacting particles may develop due to the temperature rise upon impact and deformation of the ductile metal particles (Ref 6, 7). Cold-sprayed particles deform plastically upon impact on the substrate at a critical velocity that overcomes rebounding and substrate erosion and produces adhesion ( Ref 9,23,44). As shown in Table 2, the process parameters of the cold spray process include nozzle geometry, nozzle stand-off distance (distance between the nozzle and the substrate surface), feedstock material, and carrier gas temperature and pressure.…”

Section: Cold Sprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study, erosion of thermoplastic substrates, namely polyamide-6 and a blend of PC and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), was observed as a result of cold spray deposition of Cu particles at high pressure (Ref 47). Alternatively, HPCS has been used to embed metal particles into polymer-based substrates without the formation of a continuous coating ( Ref 23,44,45), as highlighted in Table 1. Embedment of Cu particles deposited into PU and high density polyethylene (HDPE) thermoplastic substrates has shown potential for antifouling applications.…”

Section: Cold Sprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Thermal Spray Metallization of Polymer-Based Structures

et al. 2016

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A literature review on the thermal spray deposition of metals onto polymer-based structures is presented. The deposition of metals onto polymer-based structures has been developed to enhance the thermal and electrical properties of the resulting metal-polymer material system. First, the description of the thermal spray metallization processes and technologies for polymer-based materials are outlined. Then, polymer surface preparation methods and the deposition of metal bond-coats are explored. Moreover, the thermal spray process parameters that affect the properties of metal deposits on polymers are described, followed by studies on the temperature distribution within the polymer substrate during the thermal spray process. The objective of this review is devoted to testing and potential applications of thermal-sprayed metal coatings deposited onto polymer-based substrates. This review aims to summarize the state-of-the-art contributions to research on the thermal spray metallization of polymer-based materials, which has gained recent attention for potential and novel applications.

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