Embedding a reconfigurable band-pass/band-stop filter into an antenna

A compact frequency‐reconfigurable fractal UWB antenna using reconfigurable ground plane

“…It requires a sensing antenna to monitor the system as well as a communicating antenna which can be reconfigured to transfer the data in a chosen spectrum . Moreover, the researchers have integrated sensing and narrowband communication antennas in the entire ultrawideband (UWB) range – . The UWB communication systems gets the researchers attention, because of its inherent properties such as wideband characteristics, low profile, low power transmission, high data transmission capacity, omnidirectional radiation pattern, and ease in fabrication, after the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) has allowed the unlicensed use of the spectrum from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz in 2002 .…”

“… and , varactor diodes and p‐i‐n diodes are applied in the design to get frequency reconfigurable narrowband within the UWB band, respectively. A number of structures are proposed in the literature to obtain the band reconfigurability in the UWB band – . To achieve reconfigurability, planar inverted‐F resonator on the back side of the UWB antenna is proposed in Ref.…”

“…. Whereas, band pass filter is incorporated in UWB antenna to obtain the reconfigurability . However, these antennas are large in dimensions and complex in design, which leads to increase the overall cost of the system.…”

“…Moreover, the application of various kinds of switches such as RF MEMS, varactor diodes and p‐i‐n diodes are used in the antenna design which helps to get the reconfigurable performance . ‐ …”

“…The presented antenna, which possesses reconfigurable operating bands, has smaller dimensions and simple geometrical structure compared to the antennas presented in Refs. . As we know, multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) technology is used in the multipath wireless channel environment, to meet the high data rate requirements.…”