A compact frequency‐reconfigurable fractal UWB antenna using reconfigurable ground plane

Abstract

In this article, a compact frequency reconfigurable ultrawideband (UWB) antenna having switchable multiple bands is presented. The reconfigurable multiple bands include UWB band, lower UWB band, middle UWB band, and one dual band having lower and upper UWB bands. Multiple p‐i‐n diodes are used in the slotted ground plane which helps to achieve frequency reconfigurability. The desired compactness and wider operational bandwidth is obtained in the antenna design with the help of Sierpinski fractal geometry. Moreover, it helps in enhancement of the radiation characteristics that assist us to get omnidirectional radiation pattern. It has a compact size of 24.5 mm × 20 mm.

Cantor-square Fractal Reconfigurable Circular Patch Antenna with Low Cross-polarization for X Band Applications

“…The insertion of three PIN diode switches in a patch antenna has resulted in obtaining eight 4G LTE frequency bands in [10]. The loading of RF PIN diode switches on the radiating patch/ground for obtaining frequency reconfigurability has recently been explored in a number of researches [11,12]. Another technique to achieve frequency reconfigurability by using a variable chip capacitor is presented in [13].…”

A multiband and wideband frequency reconfigurable slotted bowtie antenna

“…The configurations can be switched between the same mode or to another type of mode. For example, narrow-to-narrowband [3], narrow-to-wideband [4,5], multi-tomultiband [6][7][8][9][10], multi-to-wideband [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], wide-to-wideband [19] and wide-to-narrow-to-multiband [20,21] configurations have been proposed and discussed. However, in this paper, we only focus on configurations of narrow-to-wideband and multi-to-wideband.…”

“…The antenna provides dual-band mode at 1.8 GHz and 5.2 GHz, and a wideband mode at 1.6 GHz to 2.37 GHz. All antennas presented in [2,3,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] have switched multi or narrowband mode within the wideband frequency range. If the multi or the narrowband mode is outside the wideband range, narrow-and-wideband modes can be operated simultaneously as shown in [22].…”

“…Only one of them operates in wideband mode whereas the others operate in narrow-and-wideband mode. This type of antenna offers more functionality compared to [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] by covering wider operating bands.…”

Compact multiband planar monopole antenna for Bluetooth, LTE, and reconfigurable UWB applications including X‐band and Ku‐band wireless communications

“…Possible four bands of operation are result of using three PIN diodes and textile antenna for body area wireless communication (BAWC) uses single PIN diode for tuning between two operating bands . As reported, multiband including UWB, UWB lower and middle, with single dual band (lower and upper UWB) is obtained using PIN diodes in the slotted ground . Also notched band characteristics are obtained by etching slot or by inserting stub on different patch elements .…”