Elucidation of the catalytic cracking pathway for unsaturated mono-, di-, and triacylglycerides on solid acid catalysts

Utilization of Triglycerides and Related Feedstocks for Production of Clean Hydrocarbon Fuels and Petrochemicals: A Review

“…The reaction pathways of triglyceride cracking over acidic zeolites have been recently studied by Benson [119]. Propylbenzene and phenylbutene have been suggested to be the primary aromatic intermediates in cracking of unsaturated mono-, di-and triglycerides.…”

“…Propylbenzene and phenylbutene have been suggested to be the primary aromatic intermediates in cracking of unsaturated mono-, di-and triglycerides. They are formed by cyclization of intermediates originating from cracking of the acid moiety after its double bond protonation [119]. As an alternative, initial cracking along the glycerol backbone (cleavage of C-O bonds) was proposed [119].…”

“…They are formed by cyclization of intermediates originating from cracking of the acid moiety after its double bond protonation [119]. As an alternative, initial cracking along the glycerol backbone (cleavage of C-O bonds) was proposed [119]. Moreover, an overview of reaction pathways in catalytic cracking of triglycerides was provided by Kloprogge [55].…”

Flash pyrolysis of model compounds adsorbed on catalyst surface: A method for screening catalysts for cracking of fatty molecules

“…Maher et al [12] studied the pyrolysis of stearic acid and proposed a mechanism consistent with the deoxygenation reactions cited by Lappi and Alen. Benson et al [13] built a special set-up where micro amounts of pure fatty acids were injected on a catalyst bed that was connected to on-line gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analytical systems. A general mechanism of transformation was proposed.…”

Conversion of Triglycerides to Hydrocarbons Over Supported Metal Catalysts

“…Thermal cracking of fats and vegetable oils for the production of liquid fuels has a long history, particularly in those areas of the world that lack petroleum deposits [1]. Acid-and base-catalyzed cracking has also been investigated for this purpose, a variety of metal oxides and zeolites having been investigated which together span a broad range of acid and base strengths [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. However, these processes are generally rather unselective, with the consequence that a wide variety of products are formed, including light products which are typically of low value.…”