Elucidation of distribution patterns and possible infection routes of the neurotropic black yeast Exophiala dermatitidis using AFLP

Sudhadham, M.; Ende, A. H. G. Gerrits van den; Sihanonth, Prakitsin; Sivichai, Somsak; Chaiyarat, Rattanawat; Menken, Steph B. J.; Belkum, Alex van; Hoog, G.S. de

doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2010.07.004

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Most other opportunists known in the order Chaetothyriales investigated thus far lack geographic structuring. Sudhadham et al [ 29 ] analyzed worldwide populations of the black yeast Exophiala dermatitidis . The species has several sequence types, which all showed random distribution, and no structuring was observed in AFLP data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Spread of Human Chromoblastomycosis Is Driven by Recombinant Cladophialophora carrionii and Predominantly Clonal Fonsecaea Species

et al. 2015

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Global distribution patterns of Cladophialophora carrionii, agent of human chromoblastomycosis in arid climates of Africa, Asia, Australia, Central-and South-America, were compared with similar data of the vicarious Fonsecaea spp., agents of the disease in tropical rain forests. Population diversities among 73 C. carrionii strains and 60 strains of three Fonsecaea species were analyzed for rDNA ITS, partial β-tubulin, and amplified fragment-length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprints. Populations differed significantly between continents. Lowest haplotype diversity was found in South American populations, while African strains were the most diverse. Gene flow was noted between the African population and all other continents. The general pattern of Fonsecaea agents of chromoblastomycosis differed significantly from that of C. carrionii and revealed deeper divergence among three differentiated species with smaller numbers of haplotypes, indicating a longer evolutionary history.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Spread of Human Chromoblastomycosis Is Driven by Recombinant Cladophialophora carrionii and Predominantly Clonal Fonsecaea Species

et al. 2015

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“…In fact, E . dermatitidis has been found in the GI tract of healthy and immunocompromised individuals . Although no stool or mucosa fungus‐specific testing took place, translocation from the damaged intestinal tract appears a plausible scenario.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging pathogen in immunocompromised hosts: Exophiala dermatitidis mycosis in graft‐versus‐host disease

Chalkias

Alonso

Levine

et al. 2014

Transplant Infectious Dis

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Infection with the dematiaceous environmental fungus Exophiala, an emerging pathogen in immunocompromised individuals, poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Herein, we report the first Exophiala dermatitidis fungemia case, to our knowledge, in an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patient with graft-versus-host disease, expanding the clinical setting where Exophiala species mycosis should be suspected.

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“…Possible environmental reservoirs for Exophiala are man‐made environments, such as steam baths, saunas and dishwashers . Railways stained with petroleum oil might also harbour Exophiala species, which might be caused by contamination with human faeces . Exophiala was isolated from dishwashers and greenhouse soils in Turkey, as well as creosote‐treated wooden railway ties .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro activities of antifungal drugs against environmental Exophiala isolates and review of the literature

Gülmez

Doğan

Boral

et al. 2018

Mycoses

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Exophiala is a genus of black fungi isolated worldwide from environmental and clinical specimens. Data on antifungal susceptibility of Exophiala isolates are limited and the methodology on susceptibility testing is not yet standardised. In this study, we investigated in vitro antifungal susceptibilities of environmental Exophiala isolates. A total of 87 Exophiala isolated from dishwashers or railway ties were included. A CLSI M38-A2 microdilution method with modifications was used to determine antifungal susceptibility for fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B and terbinafine. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined visually at 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours. MIC-0 endpoint (complete inhibition of growth) was used for amphotericin B and azoles, except fluconazole, for which MIC-2 endpoint (~50% inhibition compared to growth control) was used. Both MIC-0 and MIC-1 (~80% inhibition compared to growth control) results were analysed for terbinafine to enable comparison with previous studies. Fungal growth was sufficient for determination of MICs at 48 hours for all isolates except two Exophiala dermatitidis strains. At 72 hours, most active antifungal agents according to GM MIC were voriconazole and terbinafine, followed by posaconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B in rank order of decreasing activity. While amphotericin B displayed adequate in vitro activity despite relatively high MICs, fluconazole showed no meaningful antifungal activity against Exophiala.

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Elucidation of distribution patterns and possible infection routes of the neurotropic black yeast Exophiala dermatitidis using AFLP

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Global Spread of Human Chromoblastomycosis Is Driven by Recombinant Cladophialophora carrionii and Predominantly Clonal Fonsecaea Species

Global Spread of Human Chromoblastomycosis Is Driven by Recombinant Cladophialophora carrionii and Predominantly Clonal Fonsecaea Species

Emerging pathogen in immunocompromised hosts: Exophiala dermatitidis mycosis in graft‐versus‐host disease

In vitro activities of antifungal drugs against environmental Exophiala isolates and review of the literature

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