Emerging pathogen in immunocompromised hosts: Exophiala dermatitidis mycosis in graft‐versus‐host disease

Abstract

Infection with the dematiaceous environmental fungus Exophiala, an emerging pathogen in immunocompromised individuals, poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Herein, we report the first Exophiala dermatitidis fungemia case, to our knowledge, in an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patient with graft-versus-host disease, expanding the clinical setting where Exophiala species mycosis should be suspected.

Central line associated blood stream infection (CLABSI) due to Exophiala dermatitidis in an adult patient: Case report and review

“…To our knowledge there have been 6 cases reported of sporadic (not outbreak-related) CLASBI due to E. dermatitidis in adult patients [7,10,[16], [17], [18], [19]] (Table 1). Five of these patients had neoplasia, and all the patients had CVC for chemotherapy or nutritional support [7].…”

“…The patient did not present cutaneous lesions; but he had the received intravenous infusion in an ambulance, which could not be tracked. E. dermatitidis has been found in GIT and fungemia in seriously ill patients may occur due to translocation of fungi from edematous or ischemic segments of GIT [13,19]. We didn't perform culture for fungi in feces.…”

A case of Exophiala dermatitidis infection in a child after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: case report and literature review of paediatric cases

“…peritoneal dialysis, leukemia, steroid use, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, cancer, bronchiectasis and diabetes mellitus) [ 3, 12 ]. Chalkias et al in 2014 were the first people who published a case of E. dermatitidis infection in an adult patient after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in a setting of severe graft-versus-host-disease [ 13 ]. To our knowledge, there has been no case of this infection in a child after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.…”

Exophiala (Wangiella) dermatitidis Prosthetic Aortic Valve Endocarditis and Prosthetic Graft Infection in an Immune Competent Patient

“…With involvement of the prosthetic aortic valve and graft, our patient underwent aortic valve replacement with a bioprosthetic valve [3, 16]. Voriconazole was chosen because of favorable treatment responses in previous reports of E. dermatitidis endocarditis, tolerability, and the isolate's susceptibility profile [8].…”