Elucidating Multiscale Periosteal Mechanobiology: A Key to Unlocking the Smart Properties and Regenerative Capacity of the Periosteum?

Osteoblast biocompatibility of premineralized, hexamethylene-1,6-diaminocarboxysulfonate crosslinked chitosan fibers

“…This may also explain the variability seen with regards to the qPCR profiles. In addition, these findings were consistent with the qPCR results found in our earlier work [58]. …”

“…The multi-layer structure of the mineralized chitosan-HDACS fibers may provide a more favorable mechanical environment for the MLO-A5 cells. Finally, the tensile properties of all chitosan mineralized scaffolds are comparable to that of bone periosteum, which is the dense fibrous material that covers bone [58]. Bone periosteum from various bone regions of different test animals were shown to have elastic moduli of E toe = 0.43 – 1.93 MPa, E axial = 26 – 230 MPa and E circ = 4 – 96 MPa [58].…”

“…Finally, the tensile properties of all chitosan mineralized scaffolds are comparable to that of bone periosteum, which is the dense fibrous material that covers bone [58]. Bone periosteum from various bone regions of different test animals were shown to have elastic moduli of E toe = 0.43 – 1.93 MPa, E axial = 26 – 230 MPa and E circ = 4 – 96 MPa [58]. Moreover, periosteum has been shown to facilitate and modulate growth of osteogenic cells deep in the fiber layers for bones that are not only young or growing, but also for older tissue that has survived trauma [58–60].…”

“…Fiber mats were isolated from culture wells on Day 2, 3, and 4. No additional time points were considered necessary because of prior results obtained on non-mineralized fiber mats [58]. After washing with 1X PBS, the cell-containing mats were centrifuged in a Denville 2600 microcentrifuge (Denville Scientific, South Plainfield, NJ) at 6000 rpm for 2 min.…”

Periosteal Thickness around the Femoral Neck: a cadaveric study

“…Krebsbach et al [22] successfully induced fibroblasts with bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) to produce bone in vivo through gene therapy-directed osteogenesis. Similarly, it has been observed that fibroblasts, osteoblasts and progenitor cells of the periosteum can be successfully grown in vivo and in vitro [23], and potentially transplanted into periosteum at sites where it is thinning.…”