Elimination of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals using White Rot Fungi and their Lignin Modifying Enzymes: A Review

Abstract

The ability of white rot fungi (WRF) and their lignin modifying enzymes (LMEs), i.e. laccase and lignin‐ and manganese‐dependent peroxidase, to treat endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is extensively reviewed in this paper. These chemicals cause adverse health effects by mimicking endogenous hormones in receiving organisms. The alkylphenolic EDCs nonylphenol, bisphenol A and triclosan, the phthalic acid esters dibutylphthalate, diethylphthalate and di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate, the natural estrogens estrone, 17β‐estradiol, estriol and 17α‐ethynylestradiol and the phytoestrogens genistein and β‐sitosterol have been shown to be eliminated by several fungi and LMEs. WRF have manifested a highly efficient removal of EDCs in aqueous media and soil matrices using both LME and non LME‐systems. The ligninolytic system of WRF could also be used for the elimination of several EDCs and the associated hormone‐mimicking activity. The transformation of EDCs by LMEs and WRF is supported by emerging knowledge on the physiology and biochemistry of these organisms and the biocatalytic properties of their enzymes. Due to field reaction conditions, which drastically differ from laboratory conditions, further efforts will have to be directed towards developing robust and reliable biotechnological processes for the treatment of EDC‐contaminated environmental matrices.

Biodegradation Characteristics of Pharmaceutical Substances by Whole Fungal Culture Trametes versicolor and its Laccase

“…In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the study of enzyme activities in wastewater treatment, especially those of the oxidoreductase enzymes from white-rot fungi, such as lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP), and laccase (Lac), due to their recognized potential for oxidizing recalcitrant environmental pollutants, such as dyes (Asgher et al, 2008;Faraco et al, 2009), endocrine disrupting chemicals (Cabana et al, 2007;Cajthaml et al, 2009), herbicides (Maruyama et al, 2006), aromatic hydrocarbons (Canas et al, 2007;Cambria et al, 2008), and antibiotics (Wen et al, 2009). These ligninolytic enzymes are relatively non-specific and use free radical mechanisms to catalyze the degradation of a wide spectrum of organic pollutants (Blánquez et al, 2004;Rodríguez et al, 2004;Cabana et al, 2007;Cajthaml et al, 2009;Wen et al, 2009).…”

“…These ligninolytic enzymes are relatively non-specific and use free radical mechanisms to catalyze the degradation of a wide spectrum of organic pollutants (Blánquez et al, 2004;Rodríguez et al, 2004;Cabana et al, 2007;Cajthaml et al, 2009;Wen et al, 2009). …”

Influence of NOM and SS on the BPA removal via peroxidase catalyzed reactions: Kinetics and pathways

“…Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) are attracting increasing attention because they can disturb the synthesis, secretion, transport, binding, action and elimination of the endogenous hormones which are responsible for maintaining homeostasis, reproduction, development and integrity in living organisms and their progeny [1]. Bisphenol A as a typical EDC is widely used as an intermediate material for the production of polycarbonates and epoxy resins.…”

Fungal Bioremediation of Emerging Micropollutants in Municipal Wastewaters

“…Alternative biological treatments are potentially capable of overcoming the disadvantages of conventional approaches and mediate the efficient removal of micropollutants (Cabana et al 2007a, Domaradzka et al 2015. Fungal-based technology rose through years as a perfect candidate to be integrated in WTP process line for the transformation of EDCs and other hazardous emerging pollutants.…”

“…ABTS and HBT are among the most studied compounds, which are capable of micropollutants conversion in several case studies (Cabana et al 2007a). The presence of ABTS enhanced transformation of dymron (Maruyama et al 2006), TCS (Kim and Nicell 2006a), sulfonamide 14 antibiotics (Weng et al 2013), BPA Nicell 2006b, Macellaro et al 2014) and parabens analogues (Macellaro et al 2014).…”