Elevation shapes the reassembly of Anthropocene lizard communities

Frishkoff, Luke O.; Gabot-Rodríguez, Eveling; Sandler, George; Marte, Cristian; Mahler, D. Luke

doi:10.1038/s41559-019-0819-0

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…It might be that the index of specialization that we used (number of major habitats occupied) is not an accurate proxy for specialization. Other recent studies have also failed to detect an effect of niche breadth on reptile responses to habitat modification (Frishkoff, Gabot, Sandler, Marte, & Mahler, 2019; Todd et al, 2017). This might suggest that there is not a strong relationship between niche breadth of reptile species and their sensitivity to habitat modification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…There are multiple reasons why this might be. Firstly, general patterns might not emerge if the responses of species to disturbance vary in different parts of their range (Frishkoff et al, 2019; Nimmo, Kelly, Farnsworth, Watson, & Bennett, 2014; Orme et al, 2019). Secondly, if the responses of species vary between disturbance types and are influenced by different trait combinations, then the strength and generality of single traits or phylogenetic patterns would be reduced (Driscoll, Smith, Blight, & Sellar, 2020; Williams et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of our results, particularly regarding body size and habitat specialization, differ from those of previous generalizations on other taxa (Keinath et al, 2017; Owens & Bennett, 2000). More generally, there are a number of case studies showing that body size, habitat specialization and niche breadth have a range of effects or no relationship with disturbance (e.g., Frishkoff et al, 2019; Henle, Davies, Kleyer, Margules, & Settele, 2004; Todd et al, 2017). Given this, and the high level of variation among reptile responses to anthropogenic disturbances, it is evident that development of a robust predictive framework based on traits will need further consideration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reptile responses to anthropogenic habitat modification: A global meta‐analysis

Doherty

Balouch

Bell

et al. 2020

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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Aim:The aim was to determine how reptile populations respond to anthropogenic habitat modification and determine whether species traits and environmental factors influence such responses. Location: Global.Time period: 1981-2018.Major taxa studied: Squamata. Methods:We compiled a database of 56 studies reporting how habitat modification affects reptile abundance and calculated standardized mean differences in abundance (Hedges' g). We used Bayesian meta-analytical models to test whether responses to habitat modification depended on body size, clutch size, reproductive mode, habitat specialization, range size, disturbance type, vegetation type, temperature and precipitation.Results: Based on 815 effect sizes from 376 species, we found an overall negative effect of habitat modification on reptile abundance (mean Hedges' g = −0.43, 95% credible intervals = −0.61 to −0.26). Reptile abundance was, on average, one-third lower in modified compared with unmodified habitats. Small range sizes and small clutch sizes were associated with more negative responses to habitat modification, although the responses were weak and the credible intervals overlapped zero. We detected no effects of body size, habitat specialization, reproductive mode (egglaying or live-bearing), temperature or precipitation. Some families exhibited more negative responses than others, although overall there was no phylogenetic signal in the data. Mining had the most negative impacts on reptile abundance, followed by agriculture, grazing, plantations and patch size reduction, whereas the mean effect of logging was neutral. Main conclusions:Habitat modification is a key cause of reptile population declines, although there is variability in responses both within and between species, families and vegetation types. The effect of disturbance type appeared to be related to the intensity of habitat modification. Ongoing development of environmentally sustainable practices that ameliorate anthropogenic impacts is urgently needed to prevent declines in reptile populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reptile responses to anthropogenic habitat modification: A global meta‐analysis

Doherty

Balouch

Bell

et al. 2020

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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“…Changes in community composition with regard to average thermal niche have also been detected across gradients of land‐use change: the community temperature index of French bird communities was found to increase (indicating increases in the proportion of individuals of warmer‐dwelling species) along a gradient of decreasing forest cover and increasing fragmentation (Barnagaud et al, ). This link between warmer‐affiliated species and human‐altered habitats also leads to interactions between land‐use change and elevation: through thermal niche tracking, lowland tropical forest species have been found to be able to colonize agricultural areas at higher elevations, leading to large differences in community composition between natural and human‐altered habitats at higher altitudes (Frishkoff, Gabot, Sandler, Marte, & Mahler, ). Taken together, these findings suggest that human‐altered habitats are favouring species with warmer thermal niches.…”

Section: Differences In Species‐ and Community‐level Climatic Affiliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Local climatic changes affect biodiversity responses to land use: A review

Williams

Newbold

2019

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim: Climate and land-use change, the greatest pressures on biodiversity, can directly influence each other. One key case is the impact land-use change has on local climatic conditions: human-altered areas are often warmer and drier than natural habitats. This can have multiple impacts on biodiversity and is a rapidly developing field of research. Here, we summarize the current state of understanding on the impact that local climatic changes have on biodiversity responses to land-use change, in particular looking at whether human-altered land uses favour species with certain climatic niches. Location: Global. Methods:We review studies that have identified links between species' climatic niches and the habitats/land-use types they inhabit. We also critically discuss the methods used to explore this topic (such as the estimation of fundamental vs. realized climatic niches), identify key knowledge gaps by reference to related macroecological literature and make suggestions for further work. Results:Assemblages of vertebrate and invertebrate species in numerous humandominated land uses have been found to have higher proportions of individuals affiliated with higher temperatures and lower precipitation levels than assemblages within natural habitats. However, uncertainty surrounds the mechanisms that underlie these observed differences between communities across land-use types, and it remains unexplored as to whether these trends differ geographically or taxonomically.Main conclusion: Shifts are being observed within human-altered land uses to communities with, on average, warmer and drier climatic niches. A better understanding of the effects of local climatic changes associated with land-use change will enhance our ability to predict future impacts on biodiversity, identify the species most at risk from interactions between climate and land-use change and set up suitable management and conservation plans. K E Y W O R D S

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“…Specifically, species adapted to warm conditions—that is, those with greater upper thermal tolerances—are more likely to persist in converted habitats, whereas species adapted to cooler conditions are often restricted to forest remnants (Nowakowski, Watling, et al., ). The changes in the thermal conditions following habitat conversion are therefore capable of driving changes in ectothermic assemblages, filtering species in part by their thermal traits (Frishkoff, Gabot, Sandler, Marte & Mahler, ; Frishkoff et al., ; Nowakowski, Watling, et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal niche variation among individuals of the poison frog, Oophaga pumilio, in forest and converted habitats

et al. 2019

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The conversion of natural habitats to human land uses often increases local temperatures, creating novel thermal environments for species. The variable responses of ectotherms to habitat conversion, where some species decline while others persist, can partly be explained by variation among species in their thermal niches. However, few studies have examined thermal niche variation within species and across forest-land use ecotones, information that could provide clues about the capacity of species to adapt to changing temperatures. Here, we quantify individual-level variation in thermal traits of the tropical poison frog, Oophaga pumilio, in thermally contrasting habitats. Specifically, we examined local environmental temperatures, field body temperatures (T b ), preferred body temperatures (T pref ), critical thermal maxima (CT max ), and thermal safety margins (TSM) of individuals from warm, converted habitats and cool forests. We found that frogs from converted habitats exhibited greater mean T b and T pref than those from forests. In contrast, CT max and TSM did not differ significantly between habitats. However, CT max did increase moderately with increasing T b , suggesting that changes in CT max may be driven by microscale temperature exposure within habitats rather than by mean habitat conditions. Although O. pumilio exhibited moderate divergence in T pref , CT max appears to be less labile between habitats, possibly due to the ability of frogs in converted habitats to maintain their T b below air temperatures that reach or exceed CT max . Selective pressures on thermal tolerances may increase, however, with the loss of buffering microhabitats and increased frequency of extreme temperatures expected under future habitat degradation and climate warming.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material. K E Y W O R D Samphibians, body temperature, Costa Rica, CT max , ectotherm, habitat loss, land use, tropical wet forest S U PP O RTI N G I N FO R M ATI O NAdditional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section at the end of the article.

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Elevation shapes the reassembly of Anthropocene lizard communities

Cited by 27 publications

References 67 publications

Reptile responses to anthropogenic habitat modification: A global meta‐analysis

Reptile responses to anthropogenic habitat modification: A global meta‐analysis

Local climatic changes affect biodiversity responses to land use: A review

Thermal niche variation among individuals of the poison frog, Oophaga pumilio, in forest and converted habitats

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