Elevation of Systemic Markers Related to Cardiovascular Diseases in the Peripheral Blood of Periodontitis Patients

Loos, Bruno G.; Craandijk, J; Hoek, Frans J.; Dillen, Paulien M.E. Wertheim-van; Velden, U. van der

doi:10.1902/jop.2000.71.10.1528

Cited by 677 publications

(770 citation statements)

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“…Previous reports have shown that the concentrations of TNF-␣ and other proinflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood are low. 48,49 Measurements are highly dependent on the sensitivity of the assays used, and some samples may fall below the limit of detection, mainly in healthy controls, as observed in our individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Is a leaky gut involved in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?

et al. 2006

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I ntrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a rare disorder of unknown cause that may develop during the third or second trimester of pregnancy and resolves rapidly after delivery. The chief complaint is pruritus, and serum liver tests reveal a mild cholestasis with increased levels of bile salts and aminotransferases. ICP may cause fetal distress, with stillbirths or premature deliveries leading to increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. 1,2 The pathogenesis of ICP appears to be multifactorial. Potential contributors include a genetic predisposition interacting with the effects of estrogen and progesterone metabolites on bile secretory mechanisms. 3 The influence of environmental factors has been suggested by the observation of a seasonal variability in the incidence of ICP, with highest rates reported during winter, a recurrence rate of only 45% to 70% in subsequent pregnancies of multiparous women, and the decrease in the prevalence of ICP detected in Sweden and Chile during recent decades. 4 Therefore, identifying factors that may explain these epidemiological changes appear to be important.The gastrointestinal mucosal epithelium is an essential barrier that normally restricts the passage of harmful molecules into the mucosa and systemic circulation. An increased intestinal permeability has been observed in patients with enteric damage, such as in inflammatory From the

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Is a leaky gut involved in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?

et al. 2006

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“…Patients with inflammatory periodontal disease often have elevated serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines 19) . Bloemen et al 4) found that inflammation and osteoclastogenesis were triggered by proinflammatory cytokines and brought about alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin-34 Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Plasma in Healthy and Diseased Periodontal Tissue in Presence or Absence of Obesity: A Clinico-biochemical Study

Guruprasad

Pradeep

2018

Bull. Tokyo Dent. Coll.

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Interleukin (IL)-34 has recently been identified as an alternative ligand for colonystimulating factor-1 receptor and plays an important role in osteoclastogenesis. The aim of this study was to assess and compare IL-34 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma in obese individuals in the presence or absence of periodontal disease and to determine whether they showed a correlation with disease severity. Forty patients aged between 25 and 40 yr were enrolled and categorized into 4 groups: 10 non-obese patients with healthy periodontium (Group I); 10 obese patients with healthy periodontium (Group II); 10 non-obese patients with chronic periodontitis (Group III); and 10 obese patients with chronic periodontitis (Group IV). Demographic variables such as age and body mass index score were recorded and assessed, together with clinical periodontal parameters such as the gingival index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level scores in all groups. The GCF and plasma levels of IL-34 were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that the mean IL-34 concentrations in GCF or plasma were highest in Group IV, followed by Group III, Group II, and Group I, with the difference among them being statistically significant (p<0.05). These results suggest that obese individuals with periodontitis have higher GCF and plasma IL-34 levels than non-obese individuals with healthy periodontium. This suggests IL-34 as a potential inflammatory marker of periodontal disease and obesity.

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“…In addition to their role as a first line of defense against pathogens, neutrophils can also mediate tissue destruction in inflammatory diseases (Hansen, 1995). Periodontal disease, including gingivitis, has been associated with an increase in the number and activation state of circulating neutrophils (Loos et al, 2000;Kowolik et al, 2001;Matthews et al, 2007). Activated neutrophils release highly cytotoxic oxidants, which can be assessed by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence, as well as proteolytic enzymes, both of which have the potential for tissue damage.…”

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confidence: 99%

Neutrophil Response to Dental Plaque by Gender and Race

et al. 2009

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The inflammatory response, which has both genetic and environmental components, is a central mechanism linking oral and systemic diseases. We hypothesized that dental plaque accumulation over 21 days in the experimental gingivitis model would elicit systemic inflammatory responses [change in white blood cell (WBC) count and neutrophil activity], and that these responses would differ by gender/race. We recruited 156 healthy young adults, including black and white males and females. Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), systemic WBC counts, and peripheral neutrophil oxidative activity were recorded. Overall, 128 participants completed the study. During the experimental phase, the correlation between PI and GI was 0.79. Total WBC and neutrophil counts did not change. Neutrophil activity increased in blacks but not whites, suggesting that there may be racial differences in the inflammatory response to dental plaque accumulation.

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Elevation of Systemic Markers Related to Cardiovascular Diseases in the Peripheral Blood of Periodontitis Patients

Abstract: Periodontitis results in higher systemic levels of CRP, IL-6, and neutrophils. These elevated inflammatory factors may increase inflammatory activity in atherosclerotic lesions, potentially increasing the risk for cardiac or cerebrovascular events.

Cited by 677 publications

References 34 publications

Is a leaky gut involved in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?

Is a leaky gut involved in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?

Interleukin-34 Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Plasma in Healthy and Diseased Periodontal Tissue in Presence or Absence of Obesity: A Clinico-biochemical Study

Neutrophil Response to Dental Plaque by Gender and Race

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