Elevated Serum Levels of Interleukin-29 Are Associated with Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies

Insights into IL‐29: Emerging role in inflammatory autoimmune diseases

“…Furthermore, IL‐29 is considered to be an effective IFN molecule in human and seems to be the most abundant IFN molecule in serum . Findings from animal models and human have both proved the important role of IL‐29 in inflammation . For example, TLR7/8‐mediated B cell proliferation and IgG production are enhanced via IL‐29 stimulation.…”

“…Activation of NF‐κB signalling became more significant when RAW264.7 cells stimulated with both IL‐29 and LPS than IL‐29 stimulation alone, suggesting that LPS may regulate the effect of IL‐29 and the role of IL‐29 . In RA patients, serum IL‐29 levels were reduced after the treatment with DMARDs . Collectively, these data suggested that IL‐29 is also controlled in autoimmunity.…”

“…IL‐29 was expressed in CD68 + macrophage and FGF‐2+ fibroblast in the lining layers of RA synovium . Expression of IL‐29 was significantly higher in serum, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and synovial tissue in RA patients compared with that in healthy controls . Levels of IL‐29 in synovial fluid (SF) were higher in RA patients compared with that in OA patients .…”

“…Serum levels of IL‐29 positively correlated with rheumatoid factor (RF), anti‐cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti‐CCP) antibody and disease activity score of 28. Interestingly, anti–CCP‐positive RA patients had higher serum IL‐29 levels than that in healthy controls and anti–CCP‐negative RA patients . In RA synovial fluid, increased level of granzyme M (GrM) could induce the release of IL‐29 .…”

“…31 Expression of IL-29 was significantly higher in serum, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and synovial tissue in RA patients compared with that in healthy controls. 11,32 Levels of IL-29 in synovial fluid (SF) were higher in RA patients compared with that in OA patients. 31 Serum levels of IL-29 positively correlated with rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody and disease activity score of 28.…”